We prove that there is, up to isotopy, a unique Heegaard splitting of a given genus g > 3 in the 3-torus Γ 3 . Using Meek's results, this classification theorem gives that two minimal surfaces of a given genus g > 3 in a flat torus are isotopic. This implies, in particular, the topological uniqueness of triply periodic minimal surfaces in R .
Summary -Let Γ be a non-elementary Kleinian group acting on a Cartan-Hadamard manifold X ; denote by Λ(Γ) the non-wandering set of the geodesic flow (φ t ) acting on the unit tangent bundle T 1 (X/Γ). When Γ is convex cocompact (i.e. Λ(Γ) is compact), the restriction of (φ t ) to Λ(Γ) is an Axiom A flow : therefore, by a theorem of Bowen-Ruelle, there exists a unique invariant measure on Λ(Γ) which has maximal entropy. In this paper, we study the case of an arbitrary Kleinian group Γ. We show that there exists a measure of maximal entropy for the restriction of (φ t ) to Λ(Γ) if and only if the Patterson-Sullivan measure is finite ; furthermore when this measure is finite, it is the unique measure of maximal entropy.By a theorem of Handel-Kitchens, the supremum of the measure-theoretic entropies equals the infimum of the entropies of the distances d on Λ(X) ; when Γ is geometrically finite, we show that this infimum is achieved by the Riemannian distance d on Λ(X).
Classification A.M.S :Primary 37C40, 37D40, 37B40, , 37D35 Secondary 28A50Dans cet article,X désignera une variété riemannienne complète simplement connexe, dont les courbures sectionnelles sont comprises entre deux constantes négatives −α 2 et −β 2 (0 < α ≤ β). Un groupe Kleinien sera un groupe discret d'isométries deX, non-élémentaire (i.e. qui ne possède pas de sous-groupes abéliens d'indice fini) et sans torsion : un groupe Kleinien Γ opère sans points fixes surX et on note X =X/Γ la variété riemannienne quotient. L'ensemble non-errant du flot géodésique (φ t ) agissant sur le fibré unitaire T 1 X est noté Λ(Γ) : c'est sur cet ensemble que se concentre la dynamique intéressante du flot.Nous allons relier certains invariants de la restriction de (φ t )à Λ(Γ)à l'exposant critique du groupe Γ, un invariant de Γ. Ce nombre δ(Γ) est défini comme l'exposant critique de la série, dite de Poincaré,
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