We thank Lesa Hoffman for sharing details of her analyses, which allowed us to generate simulation data used in the Example 3 analysis.

the current study was based on o 'Neill, Cohen, tolpin, and Gunthert (2004) and was designed to explore the direction of the relationship between affective reactivity to daily stress and depressive symptoms. College students (N = 93) were assessed at two time periods (t1and t2) with questionnaires measuring their current depressive symptoms and with online daily diaries measuring their interpersonal and non-interpersonal stressors and their negative affect (Na) and positive affect (Pa). the results showed that t1 Na reactivity to daily interpersonal and non-interpersonal stressors predicted t2 depressive symptoms, but that t1 depressive symptoms did not predict t2 Na reactivity, suggesting that the Na reactivity-depression relationship is unidirectional. overall, the findings suggest that Na reactivity to daily stressors is a vulnerability factor for depression, and they highlight the value of a daily diary design in evaluating the antecedents and outcomes of psychopathology.

This study is a preliminary investigation of an integrative treatment aimed at improving the efficacy of cognitive therapy (CT) for depression. The development of the treatment protocol was based on process findings, which suggested that strategies used in CT to resolve alliance ruptures may actually exacerbate problems in the therapeutic relationship. The protocol integrates, within the traditional CT treatment manual, procedures to repair alliance ruptures that are derived from or consistent with humanistic and interpersonal therapies. Although conducted by inexperienced therapists, the integrative treatment led to greater improvement than a waiting-list condition. The results also compare favorably to previous findings for CT.

Objective The current investigation examined the effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) in treating child traumatic stress when implemented in community settings on a state-wide level. Method Seventy-two youths (ages 7–16 years) with a history of documented trauma (sexual or physical abuse, traumatic loss, domestic or community violence) and symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) received an average of 10 sessions delivered in a state-contracted mental health agency. PTSD symptoms and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were assessed at pre-treatment and then at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months after intake. Results Piecewise hierarchical linear modeling revealed that symptoms of PTSD, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems, decreased significantly over the six months after intake (pretreatment, 3-month, 6-month assessments), and these gains were maintained over the next 6 months (6, 9, and 12 month assessments). Symptoms of externalizing symptoms increased somewhat during the follow-up period, but this change was not statistically significant. Conclusions These findings suggest that TF-CBT can be implemented effectively in community settings. Treatment outcomes were similar to those reported in efficacy trials of TF-CBT delivered in specialty clinic settings. Improvements in PTSD symptoms and internalizing and externalizing problems were maintained up to one year after treatment began, although the changes in externalizing symptoms were the least stable.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions in cancer care, and preliminary research suggests that these disruptions are associated with increased levels of psychosocial distress among cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to offer a descriptive report of the psychosocial functioning, perceived risk and fear of cancer progression, and COVID-19 pandemic impact and experiences in a unique, high-risk patient cohort: breast cancer survivors whose cancer treatment was delayed and/or changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 women with dual carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma in situ, or invasive breast cancer whose cancer surgery was postponed due to the pandemic. As they awaited delayed surgery or shortly after they received delayed surgery, participants completed questionnaires on psychosocial functioning (depression, anxiety, sleep, and quality of life), their perceived risk and fear of cancer progression, patient-provider communication about disruptions in their care, personal impact of the pandemic, worry/threat about COVID-19, and COVID-19 symptoms/diagnoses. Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were computed among continuous study variables. Independent samples t-tests explored group differences in psychosocial functioning between survivors who were still awaiting delayed surgery and those who had recently received it.Results: Overall, the sample denied that the pandemic seriously negatively impacted their finances or resource access and reported low-to-moderate levels of psychosocial distress and fear about COVID-19. Twenty-six percent had clinically significant levels of fear of cancer progression, with levels comparable to other recent work. About a third were still awaiting delayed cancer surgery and this group reported lower satisfaction with communication from oncology providers but overall did not seem to report more psychosocial difficulties than those who already had surgery.Conclusion: Shortly before or after primary breast cancer surgery that was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this sample of survivors appears to be generally managing well psychosocially. However, many psychosocial difficulties (e.g., fear of cancer recurrence/progression) typically have an onset after the completion of treatment, therefore, research should continue to follow this cohort of cancer survivors as the pandemic’s direct impact on their care likely increases their risk for these difficulties later in survivorship.