The study of the prevalence of anti-leptospiral antibodies in pet dogs in urban areas and the variables associated with the risk of infection can aid in the identification of the serovars present in the region and indicated the reservoirs involved in this important zoonosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of anti-leptospiral antibodies in 653 dogs from 369 households distributed throughout the urban area of the municipality of Jataizinho, Paraná (PR), and to investigate the variables associated with the risk of leptospiral infection in these animals. Serum samples were subjected to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 23 serovars of pathogenic leptospires. Among the 132 (20.21%) reactive samples, 15 (11.36%) were reactive for more than one serovar, and the most likely serovar could not be determined. Among the 117 (88.73%) samples that reacted to a single serovar, the serovar Canicola was considered to be the most likely in 89 cases (76.07%). Variables associated with the risk of disease were investigated using an epidemiological questionnaire administered to each owner, and the data obtained were analyzed using the statistical software EpiInfo. The significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) associated with seropositivity for leptospirosis in pet dogs in the urban area of the municipality of Jataizinho, PR, were the presence of rats in the household, adult or elderly dogs, free access of the dog to the street and contact with stray dogs. The results indicate a high prevalence of pet dogs in the urban area of Jataizinho, PR, with anti-leptospiral antibodies and suggest the need to educate the population of the municipality about the vaccination of dogs, as well as, the epidemiological role of the dog in urban leptospirosis. Key words: Epidemiology, microscopic agglutination, test, Leptospira spp., serovar Canicola, diagnosis, risk variables ResumoO estudo da prevalência de cães domiciliados em áreas urbanas com anticorpos antileptospiras e de variáveis associadas ao risco de infecção, pode auxiliar na identificação dos sorovares presentes na região e sugerir os reservatórios envolvidos nesta importante zoonose. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a prevalência de anticorpos antileptospiras em 653 cães de 369 domicílios distribuídos na área urbana do município de Jataizinho, PR, e estudar variáveis associadas ao risco de infecção por leptospiras nesses animais. As amostras de soro foram submetidas a prova de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) frente a 23 sorovares de leptospiras patogênicas. Das 132 (20,21%) amostras de cães reagentes, 15 (11,36%) reagiram para mais de um sorovar, não sendo possível determinar o sorovar mais provável, e das 117 (88,73%) que reagiram para um sorovar somente, o sorovar Canicola foi considerado o mais provável em 89 (76,07%). Variáveis associadas ao risco da doença foram investigadas através de um questionário epidemiológico aplicado a cada proprietário e os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo programa estatístico EpiInfo. As variáveis signifi...
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp and their geographic distribution and to identify the risk factors associated with this disease in cattle herds with reproductive activity in the state of Paraná. A total of 14 163 females aged ≥24 months originating from 1 926 herds that were not vaccinated against Leptospira spp were evaluated. To detect the Leptospira spp antibodies, all serum samples were submitted for a microscopic serum-agglutination test (MAT). An epidemiological questionnaire was performed at each farm visited to characterize the management practices and study the risk factors associated with the presence or absence of Leptospira spp. To perform geoprocessing, the geographical coordinates of each farm were recorded with a Global Positioning System (GPS), which were then used to create a map. The apparent prevalence of bovine leptospirosis in the herds was the parameter used to generate the final risk map.
À Deus que me deu forças para viver bem cada nova experiência. Aos meus pais, Teresinha e Valderlei, e minha irmã, Juliane, que se tornaram pilares importantes para minha formação humana e me apoiaram. A vocês o meu amor e o meu mais profundo agradecimento. À minha orientadora Professora Dra. Tânia de Freitas Raso pela orientação, compreensão, confiança e amizade. Aos meus primos e familiares que permitiram uma estadia agradável em São Paulo e não mediram esforços para me ajudar quando precisei. À Vivian Lindmayer Ferreira e ao Bruno Rogério Rui por se tornarem amigos essenciais. Aos meus amigos e irmãos do Ministério Universidades Renovadas e da Comunidade Aliança de Misericórdia, expressão concreta do amor e da misericórdia de Deus na minha vida. Aos meus amigos de departamento, Leonardo, Mariane, Camila e Yonara. Vocês contribuíram para que o mestrado fosse um tempo agradável e divertido. Demos boas risadas juntos, jamais esquecerei.
Baseline hematologic data obtained in this study provide RIs that will be useful given that few studies have been carried out on the health of New World vultures.
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