Objectives:To evaluate hepatoprotective potential of carvedilol, prazosin, metoprolol and prazosin plus metoprolol in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.Materials and Methods:Thirty-six male rabbits were divided into six groups, six in each, group 1 received distilled water, group 2 were treated with paracetamol (1 g/kg/day, orally), group 3, 4,5 and 6 were treated at a dose in (mg/kg/day) of the following: Carvedilol (10 mg), prazosin (0.5 mg), metoprolol (10 mg), and a combination of metoprolol (10 mg) and prazosin (0.5 mg) respectively 1 h before paracetamol treatment. All treatments were given for 9 days; animals were sacrificed at day 10. Liver function tests, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in serum and liver homogenates were estimated. Histopathological examinations of liver were performed.Results:Histopathological changes of hepatotoxicity were found in all paracetamol-treated rabbits. The histopathological findings of paracetamol toxicity disappeared in five rabbits on prazosin, very mild in one. In carvedilol group paracetamol toxicity completely disappeared in three, while mild in three rabbits. Paracetamol hepatotoxicity was not changed by metoprolol. In metoprolol plus prazosin treated rabbits, moderate histopathological changes were observed. Serum liver function tests and MDA in serum and in liver homogenate were elevated; GSH was depleted after paracetamol treatment and returned back to the control value on prior treatment with prazosin. MDA in serum and liver homogenate, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin were significantly decreased after carvedilol and prazosin plus metoprolol treatments.Conclusion:Carvedilol and prazosin are hepatoprotective in paracetamol hepatotoxicity, combination of prazosin and metoprolol have moderate, and metoprolol has a little hepatoprotection.
1. This study in healthy normotensive male volunteers investigated the pharmacokinetics and the effects on electrocardiographic PR interval, blood pressure and heart rate of single oral doses of the single isomer R‐verapamil (250, 500 and 1000 mg) in comparison to placebo and 240 mg racemic verapamil. 2. After 500 and 1000 mg R‐verapamil there were significant prolongations in PR interval, maximal at 1‐2 h after dosing and coincident with peak plasma drug concentrations, but these were not significantly different from the maximum prolongation obtained with 240 mg racemic verapamil. 3. After 1000 mg R‐verapamil there was a significant hypotensive effect, particularly on standing. 4. Single doses of 500 and 1000 mg R‐verapamil produced peak plasma drug concentrations in the range 1000‐3000 ng ml‐1. If this concentration range is appropriate for adjuvant cancer chemotherapy it can be predicted that similar steady state concentrations will occur with a dosage regimen of 300 mg 3 times daily.
A wide controversy exists regarding the effect of NSAIDs on the oxidative status. Each member of these NSAIDs has been shown to act both as antioxidant or pro-oxidant in different test systems, using different concentrations and various oxidative stress-inducing agents. This review tackles this problem and tries to look for factors that might be responsible for this variation in results.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, oral çinko sülfatın psoriazis tedavisinde tek başına ve metotreksat ile kombine edildiğinde etkinliğini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve yöntem:Toplam 60 psöriazis vulgaris'li hasta Ekim 2006 -Ekim 2007 tarihleri arasında çalışmaya alındı. Hastalar sistemik tedavilerine göre aşağıdaki gibi üç gruba ayrıldı: Grup 1 (20 hasta) oral çinko sülfat ile tedavi edilenler; Grup 2 (20 hasta) oral çinko sülfat+ oral metotreksat ile tedavi edilenler ve Grup 3 (20 hasta) tek başına oral metotreksat ile tedavi edilenler.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 34 (%56.7) erkek ve 26 kadın (%43.3) hasta (Erkek/Kadın oranı: 1.3/1) alındı. Oral çinko sülfat alan grupta hastaların yaklaşık %60'ında iyi sonuç alındı ve bu grupta tedavi kesilmesinden 4 hafta sonra hastaların %58'inde relaps gelişti. Oral çinko sülfat+Oral metotreksat kombinasyonu hastaların %85'inde iyi sonuç verdi ve tedavi kesilmesinden dört hafta sonra bu grupta %59 oranında relaps gözlendi. Tek başına metotreksat %70 hastada iyi sonuç verdi ve bu grupta tedavi kesilmesini takiben %64 hastada relaps gelişti. Oral çinko sülfat grubunda %30 hastada hafif yan etkiler gözlendi Sonuç: Çinko sülfat psöriazis tedavisinde etkilidir, ancak çinko sülfat+Metotreksat kombinasyonu tek başına çinko sülfat veya metotreksat'tan daha etkili gözükmektedir.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.