Background and objective: Several studies have shown that not only mothers, but also fathers can suffer from peripartum depression. This phenomenon has not been researched in Chile; therefore, the aim of present study is to explore the presence of depressive symptoms in fathers and mothers during the postpartum period and describe their interaction. Material and Methods: users of the Western Metropolitan Health Service Unit were assessed two months after childbirth with a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Results: even though mothers score significantly higher in both scales, 18.5% of men surpass the cutoff score in the EPDS and 10.5% in the BDI-I. Conclusion: these results stress the need to continue researching this phenomenon and incorporate father assessment in perinatal checkups. Keywords: depression, peripartum, fathers, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
Improved understanding of the psychological impact on children following natural disasters is needed to assist with psychological recovery. The purpose of this exploratory study was to
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the nature and extent of the work of forensic psychologists in Chile, to investigate how it has changed with the recent reform of the criminal justice system (RCJS) there, and to compare the role of expert witness for psychologists in Chile, the UK, and the USA. A sample of 167 Chilean psychologists (35% of those approached) completed a detailed questionnaire about their court work experience and training. The results showed that psychologists in Chile are actively involved in court work and are playing an important role in the RCJS. Many of them produce an enormous number of reports but have received little or no training with regard to forensic assessments, report writing, or court appearance. Most of the cases involve child protection and suspected sexual abuse, where credibility issues are often a key focus. Evaluation of cases often relies on projective tests and there is a lack of reliable forensic measures available to Chilean psychologists. Court work has become much more demanding following the 2000 RCJS, because psychologists now have to give oral evidence in many more cases. The study raises concerns about the quality of the work of forensic psychologists in Chile. They need more training and a better understanding of their role in an adversarial system. More research and better communication with experts from other countries might enrich forensic practice in Chile.
Background: distinctive discursive characteristics related to the experience of an eating disorder (ED) in anorectic and bulimic patients have been observed. Material and methods: a descriptive-analytical-qualitative design based on the Grounded Theory model was used. The sample was intentional, and 15 patients were included, 7 anorectics and 8 bulimics, according DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria. Data were collected by a depth interview pattern and analysed by an open codification. Results: differences in perception of the following categories in anorectic versus bulimic patients were detected: sickness notion (diagnostic reception), meanings associated to foods (traumatic versus pleasant experience), body conception (thinness beauty body ideal and dissociated body from the self) and self image (body dissatisfaction related to alexithymia, lack of assertiveness, perfectionism and impulsivity). Conclusion: although ED patients often transit from one diagnostic to another, in their speeches exist some differences related to core ED parameters. ResumenIntroducción: se han observado características discursivas particulares en relación a la vivencia del trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) en pacientes anorécticas y bulímicas. Material y métodos: se utilizó un diseño descriptivo-analítico cualitativo basado en el modelo de la Grounded Theory. El muestreo fue intencionado, conformándose la muestra por 15 pacientes, 7 anorécticas y 8 bulímicas, según criterios del DSM-IV-TR. Se recolectaron los datos mediante el patrón de entrevista en profundidad y para su análisis una codificación abierta. Resultados: se detectaron diferencias en la percepción de pacientes anorécticas versus bulímicas en las siguientes categorías: noción de enfermedad (recepción del diagnóstico), significados asociados a los alimentos (experiencia traumática versus placentera), concepción de la corporalidad (ideal delgado de belleza corporal y cuerpo disociado del sí mismo) y autoimagen (insatisfacción corporal relacionada con alexitimia, falta de asertividad, perfeccionismo e impulsividad). Conclusiones: si bien las pacientes con TCA transitan, a menudo, desde un diagnóstico a otro, existen en sus relatos ciertas distinciones relacionadas a los parámetros nucleares de los TCA.
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