Aim:The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the therapeutic and safety performance of an intramuscular treatment protocol of multidose of allogeneic adipose stem cells (ASCs) isolated, characterized, and expanded ex vivo from a healthy canine donor. Materials and Methods:Twelve dogs diagnosed with canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) were intramuscularly treated with 0.5×10 6 of cryopreserved ASCs from a healthy immunized young canine Ehrlichia canis free donor weekly for 6 weeks. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by the pruritus index and the CAD Lesion Index (CADLI) test. Safety and adverse effects were determined by injection site reaction, weight, blood chemistry, liver function, and whole blood count.Results: Canine ASCs obtained from a donor met the minimum qualities required for this type of cells and showed viability of 90% after thawing. The efficacy of the CADLI score and the pruritus index in 12 dogs with atopic dermatitis was statistically significant efficacy. No adverse reactions were observed at the intramuscular application site, or in relation to animal weight, blood cell populations, or liver and renal function. Conclusion:These results suggest that intramuscular administration of cryopreserved ASCs to dogs with atopic dermatitis is a promising cellular therapeutic product for the relief of the symptoms of this disease; however, the duration of the effects obtained with this dose and with other doses should be evaluated, as well as possible immune reactions. As far as we know, this is the first report of the use of multiple intramuscular doses cryopreserved ASCs to treat atopic dermatitis.

Biological characteristics of a subpopulation of cancer stem cells from two triple-negative breast tumour cell lines, HELIYON,

No abstract

RESUMEN:En la enfermedad hepática crónica el trasplante ortotópico es la única alternativa terapéutica actual pero es limitada por falta de donantes. Ensayos con células madre adultas en daño hepático agudo evidencian promisorios resultados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar en ratas con daño hepático crónico la efectividad de la infusión de células madre adiposas humanas (CMAd-h). Ratas con fibrosis hepática inducida por tioacetamida fueron agrupadas en: grupo I control que no recibió tioacetamida ni células madre, grupo II recibió tioacetamida y suero fisiológico i.v., grupo III recibió tioacetamida y células madre adiposas 1 x 10 6 /kg i.v. vía vena de la cola. La regeneración hepática histológica se evaluó por el index METAVIR, mientras las Macrophagocytus stellatus, células estrelladas a-SMA+ y células colágeno I+ por inmunohistoquímica; el daño funcional se evaluó por los niveles sanguíneos de los analitos Aspartato Aminotransferasa (AST), Alanina Aminotransferasa (ALT), Fosfatasa Alcalina (ALP), úrea y nitrógeno ureico (BUN) y hemograma. Los resultados muestran atenuación del daño estructural hepático evidenciado por disminución de los nódulos, del grado de lesión histológica en el score Metavir, y disminución de Macrophagocytus stellatus, células a-SMA+ y células colágeno tipo I+; funcionalmente hay reducción moderada de AST, ALT, urea, BUN y disminución moderada de células blancas pero efecto favorable sobre el volumen corpuscular media y la hemoglobina corpuscular media. Ocho semanas después de la infusión hay escasa población de CMAd-h en el hígado. En conclusión la infusión intravenosa de CMAd-h en ratas disminuye el daño funcional y estructural de la fibrosis hepática con escasa persistencia de CMAd-h en el parénquima hepático. A nuestro conocimiento este es el primer trabajo que evalúa el efecto de las CMAd-h en el modelo daño hepático crónico murino y la persistencia de las células trasplantadas.

Background: Buddleja incana Ruiz & Pav. (Scrophulariaceae) is an ancestral medicinal plant from the South American Andes used in traditional medicine since the Inca culture, but little studied in its chemical components at present. The aim of this review is to gather all the scientific information about this plant in order to use it in alternative medicine and at the same time to stimulate its study in research groups in the Andean countries.Materials and methods: Several electronic search engines and specialized reference tools were used, such as Google, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, publication sites and electronic databases (Pubmed, Springer, Wiley and Science Direct).Results: Phytochemical studies have found the following chemical components:flavonoids, steroids, saponins, leukoanthocyanidins, triterpenes, phenols, tannins, reducing sugars, coumarins, alkaloids, terpenes and verbascosides. This plant is used to treat several diseases and pathological conditions, having demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal and febrifuge effects, in the following conditions. wounds, neuralgias, cutaneous and gastrointestinal ulcers, papillomatosis, skin cancer, photosensitization, immunomodulator.Conclusions: Buddleja incana was a sacred and medicinal plant of the Incas. Nowadays it is used for the treatment of hepatic, bronchial and urogenital diseases. It has diuretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antirheumatic, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, wound regenerating effects, for the treatment of warts, skin ulcers, antiproliferative, and for its photoprotective effect on the skin. In veterinary medicine it is used to treat skin photosensitization in sheep, in bovine warts and in oral canine papillomatosis.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) presence and tumor features including tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels in Peruvian breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at the Instituto Nacional de Enfemedades Neoplasicas, Peru. We evaluated level of TIL and PIK3CA mutations in ctDNA. Clinical characteristics, including outcome data, were collected from the patient file. Survival was calculated from the date of blood sample drawn to the event time. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Results: We analyzed plasma samples from 183 breast cancer patients. most cases were of Luminal-B (44.8%) phenotype and stage II (41.5%), and median stromal TIL was 30%. PIK3CA mutation in ctDNA was detected in 35% cases (most with E545K) and was associated with lower TIL level (p=0.04). PIK3CA in ctDNA tended to be associated with advanced stages (p=0.09) in the whole series and with higher recurrence rates (p=0.053) in the non-metastatic setting. Patients with presence of PIK3CA in ctDNA tended to have shorter survival (p=0.083). Conclusion: Presence of PIK3CA mutation in ctDNA was frequently found in our Peruvian breast cancer series, was associated with lower TIL levels and tended to predict poor outcomes.

Hepatic fibrosis is caused by chronic injury due to toxic, infectious, or metabolic causes, and it may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is currently no antifibrotic therapy authorized for human use; however, there are promising studies using cell therapies. There are also no animal models that exactly reproduce human liver fibrosis that can be used to better understand the mechanisms of its regression and identify new targets for treatment and therapeutic approaches. On the other hand, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have experimentally demonstrated fibrosis regression effects, but it is necessary to have an animal model of advanced liver fibrosis to evaluate the effect of these cells. The aim of this work was to establish a protocol for the induction of advanced liver fibrosis in rats using thioacetamide (TAA), which will allow us to perform trials using MSC as a possible therapy for fibrosis regression. For this purpose, we selected 24 female rats and grouped them into three experimental groups: the control group (G-I) without treatment and groups II (G-II) and III (G-III) that received TAA by intraperitoneal injection for 24 weeks. Then, 1 × 106 / kg adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) were infused intravenously. Groups G-I and G-II were sacrificed 7 days after the last dose of ASC, and G-III was sacrificed 8 weeks after the last ASC infusion, all with xylazine/ketamine (40 mg/kg). The protocol used in this work established a model of advanced hepatic fibrosis as corroborated by METAVIR tests of the histological lesions; by the high levels of the markers α-SMA, CD68, and collagen type I; by functional alterations due to elevated markers of the hepatic lesions; and by alterations of the leukocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. Finally, transplanted cells in the fibrous liver were detected. We conclude that TAA applied using the protocol introduced in this study induces a good model of advanced liver fibrosis in rats.

RESUMEN: El cáncer de mama es la principal causa de muerte debido al cáncer en mujeres. La microscopía electrónica permite establecer características constitutivas de las células entre diferentes poblaciones celulares. Las células madre del cáncer mamario con inmunofenotipo CD44alta/CD24baja son una población de células intratumorales asociada a la quimioresistencia y metástasis, cuya ultraestructura aún no ha sido bien estudiada. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer características ultraestructurales de células con fenotipo de células madre del cáncer de la línea celular MDA-MB-436 de tumor mamario triple negativo comparándolas con células madre adiposas. Se utilizó microscopía electrónica de barrido y de transmisión. Previamente, mediante separación inmunomagnética positiva empleando anticuerpos anti CD44 y anti CD24 unidos a perlas magnéticas, se obtuvo una población de células con fenotipo CD44alta/CD24baja a partir de 10x106 células de la línea MDA-MB-436, la cual igual que las células madre adiposas fue cultivada en cubreobjetos para microscopía electrónica de barrido; en tanto que para microscopía electrónica de transmisión se obtuvo un pellet de células, luego se fijó con glutaraldehído al 2,5 % y post fijó con OsO 4 1 %. Para microscopía óptica de alta resolución se usó azul de toluidina como tinción. Luego de obtener el fenotipo de células madre del cáncer se corroboró su pluripotencia detectando la expresión de los genes Oct4 y nanog mediante RT-PCR. Nuestros resultados muestran que las células de este fenotipo son pequeñas, redondeadas, recubiertas por microvellosidades abundantes pero cortas; el citoplasma tiene organelas de secreción celular y abundantes mitocondrias alargadas; el núcleo es excéntrico ocupando la mitad del volumen celular, el nucléolo es voluminoso y la heterocromatina está adosada a la membrana nuclear interna. Se concluye que el inmunofenotipo celular estudiado es una sub población celular dentro de la línea estudiada que difiere en tamaño y ultraestructura de las células madre adiposas.