This study was carried out on free-range backyard chickens and domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) from December 2010 to November 2011 to determine the prevalence, intensity and species of internal and external parasites in Sistan region, east of Iran. Of the total of 59 (27 males and 32 females) free-range backyard chickens and 46 (26 males and 20 females) domestic pigeons inspected, 55 (93.22 %) and 39 (84.78 %) were infected respectively. Ten species of free-range backyard chickens parasites were collected from alimentary canals, body, head and neck, comprising of 3 species of nematodes, 4 species of cestodes and 3 species of ectoparasites as follows: Ascaridia galli (16.94 %), Heterakis gallinarum (23.72 %), Subulura brumpti (67.79 %), Raillietina tetragona (35.59 %), Raillietina echinobothrida (27.11 %), Raillietina cesticillus (15.25 %), Choanotaenia infundibulum (40.67 %), Argas persicus (16.94 %), Menopen gallinae (55.93 %) and Menacanthus stramineus (33.89 %). The domestic pigeons were infected with seven species of parasites including 2 species of nematodes, 2 species of cestodes and 3 species of ectoparasites as follows: Ascaridia colombae (15.21 %), Hadjelia truncata (17.39 %), Raillietina tetragona (26.08 %), Raillietina echinobothrida (28.26 %), Argas reflexus (13.04 %), Menopen gallinae (32.60 %), Columbicola Columba (41.30 %). This is the first survey to determine the prevalence and intensity of parasites among free-range backyard chicken and domestic pigeon species in Sistan region.

Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in many parts of Iran and infected dogs constitute the main domestic reservoirs that play a key role in transmission to humans.

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The Lernaeid parasites, Lernaea spp, are crustacean ectoparasites that occur in a variety of fishes worldwide. In the present study, Shizothorax zarudnyi (n = 1,500) were examined during August 2012 to 2013 to determine the prevalence of Lernaeid parasites at one Species fish of Chahnimeh lakes Sistan, Iran. Two species of the genus Lernaea; L. cyprinacea and L. polymorpha, were recorded. The overall prevalence rates of L. cyprinacea and L. polymorpha were 15.47 and 10.20 % respectively. The relationship between body weight and Lernaeid parasites showed that prevalence of L. cyprinacea and L. polymorpha was highest in weight group of 250-400 g and lowest in weight group of 500-700 g. The overall percentage of infestations in study was the highest (42.5 %) in summer, moderate (33.6 %) in spring and the lowest (17.25 and 6.62 %) in the autumn and winter season, respectively. The number of detected Lernaeid parasites and infested fish were 6,140 and 800 respectively. The mean intensity of infestation was 7.68. There was significant correlation between parasite prevalence and intensity with host weight (P = 0.000). Knowledge of the prevalence of Lernaeid parasites and current Lernaea species will help to minimize the economic losses in the fish industry, evaluate infestation potential and control programs, especially for other fishes.

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Native poultry is among the most important sources of meat and protein supply in Iran that has long been bred in various regions. Internal and external parasites are the main reasons for their reduced growth and production. is a cystic mite that is mostly found in the subcutaneous layer and surface of muscles of several birds. It can rarely cause lesions in other organs such as abdomen, lungs and peritoneum. The life cycle of has not been known completely yet, but after hatchery, the whole life cycle would be passed in the subcutaneous layer or on muscles. In the present study, 400 pieces of native chicken in the north Sistan-Baluchestan and Kerman provinces are monitored over 3 years for infestation with mites and its prevalence is determined (2.75%). Considering the infestation with this parasite in the southeast of the country (and probably in the remaining poultry), spraying and disinfection of chicken runs are recommended. This is the first report on the prevalence of this parasite in Iran.

The objective of present study was comparison of hepato-pulmonary hydatidosis among imported and native cattle. The present study was performed during 2011-2012. 2,657 and 525 imported and native cattle were inspected in slaughter house of Zahedan and Zabol respectively. The present and number of hydatid cysts were evaluated. Also the fertility rate of cysts has been estimated. The prevalence of infection in imported and native cattle were 15.1 and 5.3 % respectively and the statistical correlation was significant (P value \0.001). Also the fertility rate of hydatid cysts in the imported and native cattle were 16 and 18.2 % respectively and the statistical correlation was not significant (P value [0.05). The results of present study shows significant differences in hydatidosis rate between native Iranian and imported cattle in Sistan and Baluchestan provinces of Iran. Slaughtering of imported livestock should be done in industrial centers to prevent potential increasing in canine echinococcosis and consequently human and farm animals hydatidosis.