Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeast of Iran

Mostafavi, Mahshid; Akhtardanesh, Baharak; Sharifi, Iraj; Kakooei, Sina; Khedri, Javad; Bamorovat, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s12639-012-0226-9

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Leishmania genus is an intracellular protozoan that infects the macrophage and dendritic cell lineages of their vertebrate host (Naderer and McConville 2008). Leishmania genus accounts for a group of diseases accompanied by a broad range of clinical manifestations together known as leishmaniasis (Goto and Lindoso 2012;Mahshid et al 2014). Leishmania infantum is one of the main causes of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) (Hatam et al 1997;Mohammadi-Ghalehbin et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievement amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and investigation of pathological changes in the tissues of infected golden hamsters

2018

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is an agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Amastigote form is a more appropriate target for investigations on vaccines, treatment, and diagnosis. This study aimed to achieve the amastigotes of in the golden hamster and J774 macrophages and report the pathological changes that occur in the liver and spleen of the hamsters with VL. 4 male golden hamsters were infected with promastigotes. After 5 months, the hamsters were euthanized and touch and pathology smears were prepared from the livers and spleens. Then, these tissues were homogenized and centrifuged at 100×. Supernatants were collected and centrifuged at 2000× and the pellets were collected. In the next part of our study, J774 macrophages were infected with promastigotes. Then, the infected macrophages were ruptured. Centrifuge stages were done same the previous part. The amastigotes were observed in touch and pathology smears. A load of amastigotes in the livers was more than the spleens in both types of smears. Although the livers' structure had undergone pathological changes, the spleens were unchanged. Also, the macrophage infectivity ratio was up to 95%. Our results present a simple and accessible way of achieving a lot of pure and real amastigotes for different fields in Also, it seems that the pathological changes occurring in the spleen and the liver of animals with VL are different and probably can be attributed to the genetic and immune process of the infected animals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievement amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and investigation of pathological changes in the tissues of infected golden hamsters

2018

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“…ELISA is a highly applicable technique that is characterised by high sensitivity, but its specificity depends on the antigen. The specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA test that was employed to detect CanL in this investigation were 99.1% and 98.5%, respectively [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFAT) are the most widely used serological methods [20]. ELISA shows potential as a sensitive tool for mass screening in epidemiological studies and is suited to field conditions [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Selim

Shoulah

Abdelhady³

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Background: Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is caused by Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) that is transmitted by sand fly vectors with dogs acting as the main reservoir. Methods: The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of CanL in dogs from Egypt and assessed the associated risk factors. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in five governorates situated in Northern Egypt. Serum samples from 450 asymptomatic dogs were serologically examined by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Overall, the seroprevalence rate of CanL was 21.3% and the highest rates were observed in Cairo and Giza governorates. The univariable analysis revealed that the seropositivity of CanL was strongly related to the dogs′ ages, length of hair, absence of veterinary care or application of insecticides, and the type of floor of their shelters. The risk factors that were found to be associated with CanL in exposed dogs were: age group 2–4 years old (OR = 12, 95% CI: 1.6–92.3); short hair (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.2–3.6); absence of veterinary care (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3–5.8); no application of insecticides (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.5–6.5) and their residence in a shelter with an earthen floor (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.7–2.9). Conclusions: Based on the present results, CanL is present in Egyptian dogs and this increases the possibility of transmission by sand fly to humans with whom they have contact. Consequently, an efficient monitoring programme and effective control measures are important to reduce the risk of infection.

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“…It is endemic in Iran, with an average prevalence of 14.2%, and variations according to the region: 18.2% in northeast, 12.3% in the central region, and 4.4% in Southeastern Iran [41]. Another study, restricted to southwestern Iran, found a prevalence of 15.4% [42]. In China, VL is an anthropozoonosis which completes its life cycle in dogs, raccoons, coatis, and children [12].…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Canine Medicine - Recent Topics and Advanced Research

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by a protozoon belonging to the genus Leishmania, and it is transmitted through the bite of sand flies. Endemic regions have widened, and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) occurs mainly in the Mediterranean region and South America. There is no consensus on the risk factors associated with CVL, as results differ between the studied regions and countries. This chapter describes the main aspects of epidemiology, immunology, clinical signs, diagnosis treatment, and control of canine visceral leishmaniasis with emphasis on Brazil.

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Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeast of Iran

Abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in many parts of Iran and infected dogs constitute the main domestic reservoirs that play a key role in transmission to humans.

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Achievement amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and investigation of pathological changes in the tissues of infected golden hamsters

Achievement amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and investigation of pathological changes in the tissues of infected golden hamsters

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

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