To manage the COVID-19 pandemic, development of rapid, selective,
sensitive diagnostic systems for early stage β-coronavirus
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) virus protein
detection is emerging as a necessary response to generate the
bioinformatics needed for efficient smart diagnostics,
optimization of therapy, and investigation of therapies of
higher efficacy. The urgent need for such diagnostic systems is
recommended by experts in order to achieve the mass and targeted
SARS-CoV-2 detection required to manage the COVID-19 pandemic
through the understanding of infection progression and timely
therapy decisions. To achieve these tasks, there is a scope for
developing smart sensors to rapidly and selectively detect
SARS-CoV-2 protein at the picomolar level. COVID-19 infection,
due to human-to-human transmission, demands diagnostics at the
point-of-care (POC) without the need of experienced labor and
sophisticated laboratories. Keeping the above-mentioned
considerations, we propose to explore the compartmentalization
approach by designing and developing nanoenabled miniaturized
electrochemical biosensors to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus at the
site of the epidemic as the best way to manage the pandemic.
Such COVID-19 diagnostics approach based on a POC sensing
technology can be interfaced with the Internet of things and
artificial intelligence (AI) techniques (such as machine
learning and deep learning for diagnostics) for investigating
useful informatics via data storage, sharing, and analytics.
Keeping COVID-19 management related challenges and aspects under
consideration, our work in this review presents a collective
approach involving electrochemical SARS-CoV-2 biosensing
supported by AI to generate the bioinformatics needed for early
stage COVID-19 diagnosis, correlation of viral load with
pathogenesis, understanding of pandemic progression, therapy
optimization, POC diagnostics, and diseases management in a
personalized manner.
Soil monitoring is emerging as a key factor to manage smart farming which has been recommended to have economical food safety and security. Among various development for example internet of things assisted farming, electrochemical sensing system are getting popularity via detecting one or multiple soil component effectively, efficiently, and selectively for soil quality assessment remotely via data sharing and site of location just like point-of-care soil heath care. Considering scenarios, this perspective is designed to describe state-of-the art electrochemical sensing technology developed for soil quality. The associated challenges, possible alternatives, and potential prospects are also discussed in this perspective.
The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants made the COVID-19 infection pandemic and/or endemic more severe and life-threatening due to ease of transmission, rapid infection, high mortality, and capacity to neutralize the therapeutic ability of developed vaccines. These consequences raise questions on established COVID-19 infection management strategies based on nano-assisted approaches, including rapid diagnostics, therapeutics, and efficient trapping and virus eradication through stimuli-assisted masks and filters composed of nanosystems. Considering these concerns as motivation, this perspective article highlights the role and aspects of nano-enabled approaches to manage the consequences of the COVID-19 infection pandemic associated with newer SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and significance generated due to mutations. The controlled high-performance of a nanosystem seems capable of effectively detecting new variables for rapid diagnostics, performing site-specific delivery of a therapeutic agent needed for effective treatment, and developing technologies to purify the air and sanitizing premises. The outcomes of this report project manipulative, multifunctional nanosystems for developing high-performance technologies needed to manage consequences of newer SARS-CoV-2 variants efficiently and effectively through an overall targeted, smart approach.
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