The literature on the biographical backgrounds of entrepreneurs seems to contain many contradictory findings. This situation can partly be due to the assumption that samples of entrepreneurs were homogeneous rather than heterogeneous. It appears as if female entrepreneurs have been less well researched than their male counterparts. Differences in the biographical backgrounds and business situation of, respectively, the white and the black entrepreneurs in South Africa have been assumed but little empirical evidence exists in this respect. Black en-trepreneurs, and female entrepreneurs are in most developed societies' minority groups and have not specifically been studied in depth - hence the present study. The biographical and business backgrounds of 569 South African entrepreneurs (106 Black and 463 White; 136 female and 433 male) were studied. One-way Analyses of Variance and Chi-squared followed by Discriminant analyses were carried out to determine whether, respectively, black and white entrepreneurs and male and female entrepreneurs differed in terms of the variables studied. Significant differences between the total group of male and female subjects were found on only five variables. White and black entrepreneurs differed statistically significantly on 16 of the 30 variables studied.<p> <strong>Opsomming</strong> <br>Die literatuur oor die biografiese agtergronde van entrepreneurs skyn baie teenstrydige bevindinge te bevat. Hierdie kan moontlik deels toegeskryf word aan die aanname dat steekproewe van entrepreneurs eerder homogeen eerder as heterogeen is. Dit skyn asof minder navorsing oor vroulike as oor manlike entrepreneurs gedoen is. Ten spyte van aannames in die verband, bestaan min empiriese gegewens oor die biografiese agtergronde en sake-situasie van respektiewelik wit en swart Suid-Afrikaanse entrepreneurs. Swart en vroulike entrepreneurs is in meeste gemeenskappe minderheidsgroepe en is nog nie in diepte bestudeer nie, daarom die huidige studie. Die biografiese en sake-agtergronde van 569 Suid-Afrikaanse entrepreneurs (106 swart en 463 wit; 136 vroulik en 433 manlik) is bestudeer. Een-rigting Analise van Variansie en Chi-kwadraat gevolg deur Diskriminant Analise is uitgevoer ten einde te bepaal of respektiewelik swart en wit en manlike van vroulike entrepreneurs in terme van die veranderlikes wat bestudeer is, verskil. Betekenisvolle verskille tussen die totale groep van manlike en vroulike entrepreneurs is slegs in terme van vyf veranderlikes gevind. Swart en wit entrepreneurs het statistics beduidend op 16 van die 30 veranderlikes in die studie ingesluit, verskil
Chest pain: The importance of serial ECGsA 44-year-old man, previously well, presented to the emergency department with severe hypertension and a 4-hour history of typical angina-like chest pain with associated diaphoresis. He had dyslipidemia, a 5-pack-year history of smoking, and, likely, undiagnosed hypertension.On arrival, his blood pressure was 200/110 mm Hg, representing a hypertensive emergency. A clinical examination was unremarkable. A blood sample was sent for troponin analysis, and a nitroglycerin infusion was started.
A study to determine the degree to which biographical and business variables can predict entrepreneurial success is described. Archival data obtained from the records of a venture capital organization were used. Data were obtained for two cohorts, each of which represented individuals to whom financial assistance was provided in a given financial year. Criterion data consisted of the entrepreneurs' accounts three or four years later. The total sample consisted of 569 small business owners in 435 business firms. Data were captured on 14 biographical and 16 business variables. A statistical analysis strategy to limit capitalization on chance was implemented. The results indicated that the number of loans granted, nationality of entrepreneurs, security cover, education level, economic sector, number of dependants, language preference, and race appeared as predictors of success.
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