EKONOMIKA МЕЂУНАРОДНИ ЧАСОПИС ЗА ЕКОНОМСКУ ТЕОРИЈУ И ПРАКСУ И ДРУШТВЕНА ПИТАЊАЧасопис излази четири пута годишње ИЗДАВАЧ: Друштво економиста "Економика" Ниш СУИЗДАВАЧИ: Економски факултет у Приштини, Факултет за услужни бизнис -Сремска Каменица, Институт за економику пољопривреде -Београд, Факултет за пословне студије и право -Београд, Факултет за трговину и банкарство, Универзитет Алфа -Београд, Савез економиста Србије -Друштво економиста Ниш. ГЛАВНИ И ОДГОВОРНИ УРЕДНИК:Проф.
Today, numerous tools can be used in the production and other phase of the value chain with the aim of increasing operational efficiency and quality of products. However, the Kaizen can be understood as one of the basic lean techniques. Continuous improvement applied through Kaizen is a key element of Japanese management and the source of competitiveness. The benefits of an effective program of continuous improvement are reflected in cost efficiency, waste reduction and product quality improvement. Taught by Japanese success, many companies have adopted Kaizen as a technique for improving production efficiency and achieving business excellence. Despite the Kaizen implementation has led to improved performance in many companies and its application is widespread around the world, many problems and difficulties in its implementation are observed outside Japan. The process of transferability of Kaizen is influenced by many factors whose significance and intensity vary depending on the country in which it is applied. Hence, although Kaizen is very simple at first glance, it is a complex process that needs to be adapted to the specificities of the environment, taking into account numerous influential factors.
The paper examines the quality of financial reporting on income tax in Serbia and Croatia in order to determine the extent to which disclosed information on income tax in these countries is useful for economic decision making. The research based on financial statements of listed and non-listed companies for 2016 reveals that disclosed information on the income tax is not entirely in accordance with the relevant regulation. Therefore, there is a significant room for improvement of income tax financial reporting practices in both countries. The quality of disclosed income tax information is not related to the presence of companies in the stock market, as capital markets in Serbia and Croatia do not provide strong incentives for disclosing adequate information on income tax. The research also reveals significant differences in the prevailing sources of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities between Serbia and Croatia, which indicates that the income tax financial reporting is conditioned by the specifics of the national environment.
Dividend policy is one of the most controversial areas of corporate finance. The paper presents the results of the research in the banking sector of the Republic of Serbia. The specific characteristics of the financial sector make the research on dividend policy determinants additionally complex. This study aims to determine the factors of dividend policy in the Serbian banking sector in the period 2009–2018. The model of random effects was chosen to test the relationship between dividend determinants and dividend payout. Empirical results show that previous years’ dividends have a significant positive effect on dividend policy. Individual investors can benefit from the research to a great extent, as well as bank managers, when creating dividend policies that would contribute to maximising profit and satisfying the needs of employees and shareholders in the long run.
Contemporary business environment imposes new business rules. The maximization of profit and shareholder value cannot be the only aim of an enterprise. Instead, enterprises are forced to maximize value of all stakeholders in order to survive in the long run. The issue of sustainability has become of crucial significance, and especially measurement and reporting on sustainability, as well as, its effects on financial performances, as still dominant ones in the contemporary business performance measurement models. Hence, the subject of the research is the enterprise sustainability in the contemporary business environment. The aim of the research is to stress the role and the significance of the sustainability in the process of improving the enterprise efficiency. The research results show that the enterprise sustainability has the positive implications on the business performances in the long run, as well as on the welfare of all stakeholders. In order to be more transparent, it is desirable for enterprises to create the sustainability report, in the integration with the traditional business report, which would give the complete overview of enterprise efficiency.
Information about the segments of a company is an important basis for making business decisions. In order for decisions based on segment information to be adequate, that information should be communicated in accordance with regulations. This paper is aimed at examining the adequacy of the segment information of listed companies in the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Croatia and determining whether the volume of disclosed financial segment information is related to the company size and character of the audit firm. The research reveals that, in general, the disclosure of segment information is not fully in line with the International Financial Reporting Standard 8 - Operating Segments and that the joint-stock companies with a higher value of their total assets disclose financial segment information in more detail. However, there is no statistically significant difference in the amount of the segment information disclosed between the companies whose financial statements are audited by large audit firms and those that are the clients of other audit firms.
The aim of the paper is to reveal how financial statement preparers in the developing and transition country of the Republic of Serbia, behave in situations where they can choose between the valuation model based on historical cost and the valuation model based on fair value. In that regard, we have analysed the subsequent measurement of property and plant and equipment in Serbia. We find that companies are more likely to choose the historical cost model than the revaluation model (the model based on fair value) for owner-occupied properties and plant and equipment, and the fair value model rather than the historical cost model for investment properties. The willingness to use the revaluation model for subsequent measurement of owner-occupied properties and plant and equipment varies across different categories of companies, and we find a statistically significant relationship between that willingness and the legal form of the company. We also find that in the notes to their financial statements, a significant number of companies in Serbia do not disclose adequate information on the model used for subsequent measurement of property and plant and equipment, although such information is required by the applicable financial reporting standards.
This paper aims to examine solvency and fixed assets financing of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing sector (Sector A) in the Republic of Serbia. We also examine whether there is a difference between this Sector’s enterprises and entrepreneurs regarding these two aspects of their financial position. The research is based on the Financial Statements Annual Bulletins available on the official website of the Serbian Business Registers Agency. The period of six consecutive years is covered (2013-2018). Solvency and fixed assets financing were analyzed separately for Sector A enterprises and entrepreneurs. Standard ratio indicators were used to determine these relevant aspects of financial position. The conducted analysis showed differences between this Sector’s enterprises and entrepreneurs regarding the solvency. The research results revealed that, despite a slight improvement in certain solvency indicators, entrepreneurs were insolvent during the observed period. The fixed assets financing indicators showed that the lack of equity for new investments financing was compensated mainly by long-term borrowing at enterprises’ level and by short-term borrowed sources at entrepreneurs’ level.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.