The Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) waste despite having excellent physical and mechanical properties is still largely unexplored besides presenting large volume of waste with very low degradability. The use of concrete block presents high resistance to compression, low price high masonry coating ratio by material weight, however high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the study aimed to produce and investigate the effect of adding GRFP residues to concrete blocks due to physical, mechanical and thermal properties. The compositions were made by replacing the fine gravel between 0 to 10% in mass by the GFRP residue. They were evaluated from physical, mechanical and thermal tests. The results showed that the use of GFRP residue did not interfere in water absorption and compressive strength, despite the significant increase in mechanical energy absorption of the material. Thermal conductivity reduced by 46% and the concrete blocks were 7% lighter. In addition to providing a destination for a considerable quantity of the waste, the commercial value of the final product is higher due to using a residue with low degradability and high energy power due to burning during recycling.
The building construction is responsible for the largest industrial sectors in the world, with high energy demand and use of natural resources. Given the scarcity of natural resources and the energy crisis, the use of waste in building materials becomes a target. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate different treatments with pine sawdust and coffee husk additions, both at 10% by mass and also evaluated in drying and burning. The treatments were evaluated by bulk density, linear shrinkage and compressive strength. In the treatments without burning, it was possible to verify that the addition of 10% of residue reduces the mechanical resistance of the material considerably but improves the physical properties. In the burned materials, it was observed that the addition of residues is unsatisfactory due to the high temperature, carbonizing them, increasing the porosity, thus destabilizing the material, negatively affecting the physical and mechanical properties.
Moringa oleifera Lam. is a drought-resistant plant and able to survive in poor soils, obtaining up to three harvests per year. The objective of this work was to study the chemical prospecting of the oil and the bromatological quality of the moringa cake amog different temperatures of drying (40, 55, and 70 ºC) as well as from the oil chemical and mechanical extraction methods. The extracted oils were qualitatively evaluated for acidity, peroxide and iodine levels, as well as the chemical composition of fatty acids by gas chromatography, of samples dried at different drying air temperatures. The pies from mechanical extractions were evaluated for water content, ether extract, crude protein, ash and fibers in neutral detergent. The drying air temperatures of 40, 55, and 70 ºC significantly affected the physical-chemical quality of the oil and the moringa cake, with the best result being the samples from the dry grains at 40 °C. The composition of the main fatty acids was not altered according to the statistical method applied, these being oleic fatty acid (73.60 to 77.07%), erucic (5.65 to 6.67%) and palmitoleic (4.90 to 5.72%). The chemical extraction of oil, although more efficient than the mechanical one, presented higher levels of acidity and peroxide. The content of fibers in neutral detergent and crude protein of the pie decreased significantly for dried grains with drying air temperature above 40 °C.
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