<p>Mycocoenological studies were conducted at 77 permanent research plots established in 14 leading forest communities and in three non-forest communities in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. The greatest numbers of <em>Basidiomycetes</em> were recorded in phytocoenoses in the following plant communities: <em>Tilio-Carpinetum</em> (393 species), <em>Querco-Pinetum</em> (292 species) and <em>Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum</em> (268 species). Saprobionts dominated the mycobiota of the forest communities (593 species, that is 57% of the total number of species), including 332 species of pedobionts (32%), 251 species of xylobionts (24%) and 10 species of allobionts (0.9%). Furthermore, 375 species of mycorrhizal fungi (36% of the total number of the recorded species) and 59 species of parasites (6% of the total number of the mycobiota studied) were recorded.</p><p>The current species composition of <em>Basidiomycetes</em> in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. has been influenced by the location of the area in relation to the adjacent geographical regions, climatic conditions, natural topography, geological structure and plant cover as well as human economy. <em>Abies alba</em>, <em>Acer pseudoplatanus</em>, <em>Fagus sylvatica</em>, <em>Larix decidua</em> ssp. <em>polonica</em> and <em>Picea abies</em>, which encourage the development of mountain fungi, influence the biota of <em>Basidiomycetes</em> in particular. The occurrence of 87 species of the mountain element sensu lato was recorded. Trophic relationships between <em>Basidiomycetes</em> and 34 species of vascular plants as well as 11 genera of mosses were analysed. The most numerous groups of fungi accompany pine trees (114 species), beech trees (105 species), fir trees (102 species) and oak trees (100 species). Despite significant damage, well-preserved and fairly intact forest areas are still found in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. They now serve as refugia of <em>Albatrellus confluens</em>, <em>Bankera fuligineoalba</em>, <em>Fomitopsis officinalis</em>, <em>Hericium coralloides</em>, <em>H. flagellum</em>, <em>Pycnoporellus fulgens</em>, <em>Skeletocutis odora</em> and <em>S. stellae</em>. Both natural and anthropogenic factors determine the changes of the mycological profile in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. Some of the newly arrived <em>Basidiomycetes</em> have features of expansive species, for instance <em>Clathrus archeri</em>, <em>Mutinus ravenelii</em> and <em>Psilocybe rugosoannulata</em>.</p>
<em>Tulostoma</em> genus Pers.: Pers. is represented in Poland by five species (Wojewoda 2003). Only two of those: <em>Tulostoma brumale</em> Pers.: Pers. and <em>T. fimbriatum</em> Fr. can be considered as a relatively common while others such as: <em>Tulostoma kotlabae</em> Pouzar, <em>T. melanocyclum</em> Bres. and <em>T. squamosum</em> (Gmelin in L.): Pers. are very rare. Observations of macrofungi of xerothermic habitats at the Nida Basin (Central Poland), demonstrated the existance of many varieties of particular taxa until now not listed in the Polish mycological literature, and also new sites of all so far described <em>Tulostoma</em> species. Recording of lower taxa such as: <em>Tulostoma brumale</em> Pers. var. <em>longipes</em> (Czern.) J. E. Wright, <em>T. brumale</em> Pers. var. <em>pallidum</em> (Lloyd) J. E. Wright, and <em>T. fimbriatum</em> Fr. var. campestre (Morgan) Moreno are identified at the study area.
The paper contains analysis of macromycetes collected on two observation plots in the forest community <i>Potentillo albae-Quercetum</i> in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. The aim of these investigation was to determine the participation and the role of macromycetes in the forest community with oak trees. During the investigation 182 taxons of macrofungi were collected, 33 species of them were connected with oak trees.
The paper presents information on <em>Leucopaxillus lepistoides</em> (Maire) Singer, a new species for Poland. This fungus was found in two localities: the neighbourhood of Busko Zdrój and Chęciny (Little Polish Upland, S-Poland). Both localities were in the xerothermic grasslands belonging to the <em>Cirsio-Brachypodion</em> Order, <em>Festuco-Brometea</em> Class.
The paper contains a list of 90 <i>Basidiomycetes</i> collected in the Kielce town. Among these there are 6 species new to Poland: <i>Hyphoderma capitatum, Phlebia cremeoochracea, Phlebiella allantospora, Inocybe cryptocystis, Marasmius tremulae, Pluteus pouzarianus</i>, 4 species protected by law and 64 species included in the red list of threatened macrofungi in Poland.
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