Objective
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory infection, and therefore, a major threat to global health. This study determined the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of RSV among cases of influenza‐like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) among children in the Philippines.
Method
The study included archived nasopharyngeal swab and oropharyngeal swab samples collected from patients under the age of five who are presented with ILI or SARI for the period of 2006–2016. Swabs were examined for RSV subgroup by multiplex real‐time qRT‐PCR. Partial genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the second hypervariable region (HVR) of the G gene were used to determine the genotype of RSV isolates.
Results
A total of 1036 representative samples from all sites were selected and tested. Of these samples, 122 were RSV‐positive at 11.8% prevalence rate, and 58.2% (71/122) were classified as RSV‐A. Six genotypes were identified, which include NA1 (27/122, 22.1%), ON1 (5/122, 4.1%), GA2 (1/122, 0.8%), and GA5 (1/122, 0.8%) for RSV‐A; and BA2 (13/122, 10.7%) and BA9 (1/122, 0.8%) for RSV‐B. Most RSV‐related cases were significantly associated with clinical characteristics such as runny nose (88.1% RSV vs. 11.9% non‐RSV: p value = 0.021), pneumonia (80.6% RSV vs. 19.4% non‐RSV; p value = 0.015), and bronchitis (71.7% RSV vs. 28.3% non‐RSV; p value < 0.001). Increased RSV‐related cases were observed among children below 24 months old.
Conclusion
The RSV trend and genetic variability in the Philippines resembles a similar pattern of transmission globally.
s / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 79(S1) (2019) 1-150 95 enveloppe protein indicated that the virus belongs to the Cosmopolitan gentype and highly homologous to the virus dstrains from the 2016 outbreak in Burkina Faso.Conclusion: Our result suggests that there is an evident risk of autochtonous transmission of DENV in Morocco in the future.
Purpose:The AIRSAN Project, amongst other objectives, aimed to facilitate the implementation of the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) in EU Member-States. Many organizations (e.g. WHO, IATA, ICAO) developed useful documents to support IHR implementation in the aviation sector. We aimed to list these documents and find a reasonable way to make their contents quickly accessible.
Methods & Materials:We created a searchable Excel-based list, the 'AIRSAN Bibliography'. Only documents issued by international organizations about public health in the aviation sector were included. Structural data, e.g. issuing organizations, were compiled. Moreover, we defined 33 IHR relevant keywords, e.g. emergency planning, training, isolation. Two scientists reviewed the documents and systematically indexed all pages including information about the keywords. To allow a distinction between more or less detailed text passages, we assigned a score from 1-4 (indicating the level of detail) to each keyword specific page; the higher the score, the more relevant information could be found in the text passage.Results: The AIRSAN Bibliography includes 77 documents, issued by 8 international organizations. The practical use can be illustrated by the following example: an emergency plan needs to be developed or revised. The search for the keyword "emergency planning" lists 32 documents, with references to pages that contain keyword specific information. Overall, 12 of the 32 documents enclose information of the highest level of detail which means that they are key documents in the area of emergency planning in the aviation sector.Conclusion: The AIRSAN Bibliography makes public health action-orientated information in the aviation sector quickly accessible for practical use. We integrated it into our website (www. airsan.eu) and expect that this new tool will facilitate intra-sectoral collaboration. The AIRSAN Bibliography eases not only implementation of the IHR but also of the EU-Decision on serious cross-border threats to health.
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