Objective- This study aims to evaluate reasons for joining the Pharm D program among the graduates and students, their levels of satisfaction regarding choice, their perception towards the program and future career plans.
Methods- All students and graduates under the Kerala University of Health Sciences, KUHS were invited to participate in the study conducted using the online portal- Google forms.
Results- A total of 199 participants responded to the questionnaire, where the main reasons for choosing the program were to serve the society (88.4%), he/she is good at science (81.4%) and to settle and work abroad (70.9%). Working as hospital Clinical Pharmacist (87.9%) and Pharmacovigilance(80.4%) were the most preferred future career plans. About 59.8% respondents were ambitious towards pharmacy field.
Conclusion- More than half of the respondents were satisfied to choose pharmacy and their reason for choice was to serve the society which outstood other factors and were more inclined to depict their skills in the field of pharmacovigilance and as clinical pharmacists.
Childhood abuse is an important public health concern that can derail the developmental course of children. Psychological abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse can have far-reaching impacts on children and influence the trajectories of mental health outcomes. They often co-occur and all maltreatment types carry a risk for depression in adulthood. Gaps in research methods pose challenges in extrapolating a generalized result that can influence the understanding of this probable link. Mechanisms correlating bio-psycho-social dimensions are relatively scarce. However, this review summarizes the recent updates in linking childhood abuse and major depressive disorder (MDD). Finally, targeted interventions and validated screening tools may be beneficial in the prevention of depression. This review highlights the importance of addressing childhood abuse and its sequelae in the development of depression.
There is a growing body of evidence from both human epidemiologic and animal studies that maternal obesity and a high-fat diet are associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). They also include cognitive impairment, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cerebral palsy, anxiety and depression, schizophrenia, and eating disorders. This review synthesizes the role of the maternal immune activation hypothesis and the other possible mechanism underlying abnormal fetal brain development, including neuroinflammation; increased oxidative stress, dysregulated insulin, glucose, and leptin signaling; dysregulated serotonergic and dopaminergic signaling; and perturbations in synaptic plasticity and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric morbidity in offspring. Finally, this review summarizes the available targeted strategies that can be designed to curb maternal obesity and the subsequent development of ASDs.
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