ResumoO presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a dinâmica reprodutiva e estrutura populacional da espécie Hoplias aff. malabaricus, no açude Taperoá II, localizado na Bacia do Rio Taperoá, no Cariri paraibano (07º11'44"S, 07º13'44"S). Foram coletados (nos meses de agosto a dezembro de 2002, janeiro a fevereiro e maio a junho de 2003) 67 indivíduos, por meio de redes de espera e tarrafa. A interferência do regime de chuvas no comportamento reprodutivo e no crescimento da espécie foi observada após a análise macroscópica das gônadas dos exemplares coletados.Unitermos: Semi-Árido paraibano, relação peso/comprimento, grau médio de maturação gonadal AbstractReproductive dynamics and population structure of Hoplias aff. malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) in the dam lake of the Taperoá River Basin, Paraíba. This work aims to verify the reproductive dynamics and growth of the Hoplias aff. malabaricus species in the Taperoá II dam lake (07º11'44"S, 07º13'44"S), located in the basin of the River Taperoá in the Cariri region of Paraiba. Sixty-seven individuals were collected (August-December 2002, January-February, May and June 2003) by means of gillnets and cast nets. The interference of the rain regimen in the reproductive behavior and the structure of growth of the species were observed after the macrocospic analysis of the gonads of the collected units.Key words: Paraiban semi-arido, relation length/weight, average degree of gonadal maturati Biotemas, 22 (2): 85-89, junho de 2009
ResumoAs regiões semiáridas do Nordeste brasileiro sofrem com os prolongados períodos de estiagem, afetando a qualidade da água e a produtividade pesqueira. Os estudos têm demonstrado que as alterações entre períodos de chuva e estiagem têm profundas influências sobre os organismos dos ambientes aquáticos das regiões semiáridas e em especial sobre a ictiofauna. Apesar disto, poucos são os estudos que tentam conhecer e elucidar a ecologia de peixes do semiárido. O objetivo do presente artigo foi conhecer a diversidade e alguns aspectos da estrutura populacional de espécies de peixes, a fim de avaliar a importância da formação das poças para a conservação das espécies e da produtividade pesqueira. Foi encontrado um total de 13 espécies de peixes, das quais uma espécie é exótica (Oreochromis niloticus). A abundância de espécies foi altamente variável entre os meses de coleta, embora a riqueza tenha revelado baixa flutuação. As espécies de importância econômica apresentaram tamanho médio acima de 7cm de comprimento padrão e 57,9% dos indivíduos estiveram em atividade reprodutiva. Os resultados demonstraram que o período de estiagem afeta a comunidade de peixes, sendo que as poças parecem ser locais importantes para a conservação da diversidade e da produtividade pesqueira. AbstractFish diversity in pools of an intermittent river in a semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil. Prolonged periods of drought cause alterations in water quality and productivity of fisheries in semiarid regions of Brazil. Changes between periods of rain and drought affect aquatic organisms, especially fish. However, there are few studies that have attempted to understand and elucidate the ecology of fish in these semiarid regions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity, and some aspects of population structure of fish species in these areas, in order to evaluate the importance of shallow pond formations in the conservation of these taxa and the productivity of these fisheries. We recorded 13 fish species, of which one was exotic (Oreochromis niloticus). Species abundance was highly variable among months, while variability of richness was low. The average size of the fish, which is important for the local economy, was over 7cm long, and 57.9% of individuals were Revista Biotemas, 25 (3), setembro de 2012 162 M. M. L. Cardoso et al.reproductively active at the moment of capture. The results show that the dry season affects the structure of the fish community and that the pools are important sites for the conservation of the diversity and productivity of these fisheries.
To determine the fish species present in Taperoá II Reservoir, and their relevance to the local economy, this research aimed to evaluate the composition, abundance, degree of dominance and constancy of species, along with diversity, richness, evenness and similarity indices in a tropical semi-arid fish assemblage, during one year. Six 24 hour-long samplings were carried out between October 2005 and October 2006 using cast, seine and gillnets. The 889 collected individuals belonged to 11 species from 9 families. Temporal variation was observed in the capture frequency of different species, and a significant negative correlation between precipitation and number of individuals was also observed. Among the recorded families, Characidae showed a higher frequency of occurrence (38.4%), mostly due to Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and A. fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819). Eight species were categorised as constant, two as accessory and one as accidental. Diversity index values were intermediate with low fluctuation throughout the study period, and no correlation with precipitation or water volume. However, the greatest diversity value was recorded in March 2006, when the peak of the precipitation was recorded. Evenness values showed a similar trend to the diversity index.Keywords: reservoir, ecology, community, temporal variation. Diversidade da ictiofauna do açude Taperoá II, semiárido paraibano, Brasil ResumoPara determinar as espécies de peixe presentes no Açude Taperoá II e sua relevância para a economia local, objetivou-se determinar a composição, a abundância, a dominância e a constância de espécies da ictiofauna, bem como os índices de diversidade (H'), riqueza, equitabilidade e similaridade de espécies ao longo de um ano. Foram realizadas seis coletas ao longo de 24 horas, de outubro de 2005 a outubro de 2006, utilizando-se tarrafas, redes de espera e arrasto. Foram coletados 889 indivíduos, identificados em 11 táxons específicos, distribuídos em nove famílias. A abundância das diferentes espécies variou temporalmente, com correlação negativa significativa entre a precipitação e o número de indivíduos. Dentre as famílias identificadas, Characidae apresentou a maior frequência de ocorrência (38,5%), representada pelas espécies Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) e A. fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819). Oito espécies foram consideradas constantes, duas acessórias e uma acidental. O índice de diversidade apresentou valores entre 2,11 e 2,80, e não apresentou correlação com a precipitação e o volume do açude. Entretanto, o índice de diversidade mais elevado foi registrado no mês de março de 2006, pico do período chuvoso. Os valores da equitabilidade comportaram-se de forma semelhante aos do índice de diversidade.Palavras-chave: reservatório, ecologia, comunidade, variação temporal.
ResumoAspectos da estrutura populacional e alimentar de Leporinus piau Fowler, 1941 (Actinopterygii, Characiformes, Anostomidae) do Açude Taperoá II, na região do semi-árido da Paraíba, Brasil. Objetivouse determinar a estrutura populacional, estabelecer a relação peso-comprimento, a proporção sexual, a relação entre a atividade alimentar e o período reprodutivo, e identificar a dieta e o regime alimentar de Leporinus piau. Foram realizadas seis coletas, nos meses de outubro e dezembro de 2005; março, junho, agosto e outubro de 2006, utilizando-se tarrafas, redes de espera e arrasto. Alguns exemplares foram enviados à Coleção Ictiológica da UFPB. Foram coletados 89 indivíduos de comprimentos que variaram de 6,2cm a 22,0cm. O crescimento foi do tipo alométrico negativo. Houve um predomínio significativo de machos. A dieta alimentar de L. piau se mostrou variada, sugerindo onivoria e oportunismo.Unitermos: alimentação, Anostomidae, dinâmica populacional, ictiofauna, semi-árido AbstractThe aim of this research was to determine the population structure, weight-length relationship and sexual ratio of Leporinus piau. It also attempted to evaluate the relationship between the alimentary activity and the reproductive period, and to identify the diet and alimentary regimen. Six collections were made in the months of October and December of 2005 and March, June, August and October of 2006, using casting, seining and gill nets. Some specimens were sent to the UFPB Ichthyological Collection. The 89 collected individuals presented lengths varying from 6.2cm to 22cm. The growth of the species was of the negative allometric type. There was a significant predominance of males. The alimentary diet of L. piau was apparently variable, suggesting omnivorousness.
AIM: The present study investigated population structure, weight-length relationships, sex ratio and associations between feeding activity and reproductive period, diet and alimentary regime of Steindachnerina notonota at Taperoá II dam, semi-arid region of Paraíba State. METHODS: The region has the lowest pluviometric rates of Brazil. Fishes were collected during six sampling periods (October and December/2005, and March, June, August and October of 2006) encompassing two dry periods, and one rainy period. Cast, seine and gill nets were used to collect the individuals. RESULTS: Throughout the study period 120 individuals were collected, with total length ranging between 2.2 and 10.7 cm and weight between 0.31 and 43.1 g. A recruitment period, identified due to a higher abundance of small individuals in the population, was observed in the beginning of the rainy period of 2006, lasting until the beginning of the dry season. S. notonota showed a negative allometric growth type, i.e., individuals 'elongate' during their development. A significantly higher proportion of females were observed throughout the study period. The relationship between feeding and reproductive activities were not significant, given that individuals showed high feeding rates regardless of the intensity of their reproductive activities. Although the diet of S. notonota comprised several items such as plant debris, eggs, organic matter, phytoplankton, zooplankton, Nematoda, Ostracada, Conchostraca, among others, the most important feeding item was detritus, suggesting a predominant detritivirous feeding habit. CONCLUSIONS: Biological aspects of S. notonota observed in the present study suggest that this species has potential to attain great population sizes, as consequence of both diet and feeding dynamics, as well as its reproductive characteristics and growth type.
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