OBJECTIVE: To verify the effectiveness of brief group intervention, performed by nurses, in reducing the hazardous or harmful alcohol use in users of a primary health care service. METHODS: Clinical and randomized trial with follow-up of three months. The sample had 180 individuals with a pattern of hazardous or harmful alcohol use, recruited in a Basic Health Unit in the city of São Paulo. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Audit) were applied. The experimental group underwent the Brief Group Intervention, which had four group sessions, with weekly meetings. The control group received an information leaflet about issues related to alcohol consumption. Both groups participated in the follow-up of three months. The linear mixed model was used for data analysis, in which a 5% significance level was adopted. RESULTS: Forty-four individuals under hazardous or harmful alcohol use completed all phases of the research. The experimental group had a statistically significant reduction (p ≤ 0.01) of about 10 points in Audit score after the brief group intervention [before BGI = 15.89 (SD = 6.62) – hazardous use; after BGI = 6.40 (SD = 5.05) – low hazardous use] maintaining the low hazardous use in follow-up [6.69 (SD = 6.38) – low hazardous use]. The control group had a statistically significant reduction (p ≤ 0.01) of about three points in Audit score [before BGI = 13.11 (SD = 4.54) – hazardous use; after BGI = 9.83 (SD = 5.54) – hazardous use] and in follow-up presented the mean score of 13.00 (SD = 5.70), indicative of hazardous use. Differences between the two groups (experimental group versus control group) in reduction of consumption were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our evidence showed that the brief group intervention performed by the nurse in the primary health care context was effective to reduce alcohol consumption in individuals with patterns of hazardous or harmful use.

O estudo verificou a produção científica sobre a temática atitudes e conhecimentos de profissionais de saúde diante do álcool, do alcoolismo e do alcoolista, nos últimos 50 anos, por meio de consulta sistemática às bases de dados: PubMed, LILACS e SciELO.Procedeu-se à análise do conteúdo que originou três temáticas. Os resultados evidenciaram que a maioria dos profissionais apresentou atitudes que não se diferenciam daquelas encontradas no senso comum, percebendo-se que as atitudes dos profissionais de saúde sofreram poucas mudanças ao longo das últimas cinco décadas.

RESUMOEstudo exploratório de abordagem quase experimental que objetivou verificar o impacto de uma intervenção educativa em atitudes e conhecimentos de enfermeiros frente ao uso de álcool e problemas associados. A amostra incluiu 185 enfermeiros, divididos em dois grupos: 84 foram submetidos a um curso de capacitação e constituí-ram o grupo experimental. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário de conhecimentos e uma escala de atitudes. As atitudes dos participantes de ambos os grupos foram positivas. Com relação aos conhecimentos, não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Os maiores preditores de atitudes positivas foram possuir preparo para atuar com dependentes químicos (OR=2,18), ter recebido maior carga horária durante a graduação sobre a temática álcool e outras drogas (OR=1,70) e ter realizado pós-graduação (OR=2,59). Concluiu-se que a intervenção educativa exerceu impacto positivo nas atitudes dos enfermeiros frente ao alcoolista, ao trabalho e às relações interpessoais com tal clientela. DESCRITORES ABSTRACTAn exploratory study of quasi-experimental approach that aimed to verify the impact of an educational intervention on attitudes and knowledge of nurses towards alcohol use and associated problems. The sample included 185 nurses, divided into two groups: 84 submitted to a training course and formed the experimental group. Data were collected through a knowledge survey and an attitude scale. The attitudes of the participants of both groups were positive. There were no significant differences between groups in relation to knowledge. The strongest predictors of positive attitudes were possessed preparation to act with chemical dependents (OR = 2.18), have received increased workload during graduation on the theme, alcohol and other drugs (OR = 1.70), and completed graduate school (OR = 2.59). The educational intervention had a positive impact on the attitudes of nurses towards alcoholics, work and interpersonal relationships with such clientele. DESCRIPTORSEducation, nursing Alcoholism Health knowledge, attitudes, practice Public health nursing RESUMENEstudio exploratorio cuasi-experimental que tuvo como objetivo verificar el impacto de una intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos y las actitudes de las enfermeras frente al consumo de alcohol y problemas asociados. La muestra incluyó a 185 enfermeras, divididas en dos grupos. De los cuales, 84 se sometieron a un curso de capacitación y formaron el grupo experimental. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un cuestionario de conocimientos y una escala de actitudes. Las actitudes de los participantes de ambos grupos fueron positivas. En lo que respecta al conocimiento, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. Los principales predictores de las actitudes positivas fueron estar preparados para actuar con dependientes químicos (OR = 2,18), haber recibido mayor carga horaria en el pregrado sobre la temática de alcohol y otras drogas (OR = 1,70) y haber realizado post-grado (OR = 2,59). Se concluyó que la...

Objective: To verify the effectiveness of the group brief intervention (GBI), performed by nurses in motivational stages to change the pattern of alcohol intake. Method: Randomized controlled trial with 3-month follow-up. The ruler of readiness for change was applied in 180 individuals with risk or harmful alcohol intake pattern in basic health unit. Only the experimental group (EG) was submitted to the intervention. Both groups (experimental and control [CG]) participated in the follow-up. Results: EG had a mean score before GBI=6.55 (SD=3.41) points (preparation). After GBI=8.00 (SD=2.88) points (action) and in the follow-up 7.92 (SD=3.06) points (action). CG presented a mean score before GBI=5.42 (SD=3.26) points (preparation); after GBI=6.67 (SD=3.05) points (preparation) and in the follow up had a mean score of 4.80 (SD=2.86) points (contemplation). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at the motivational stages (p≤ 0,03). Conclusion: It was evidenced that GBI was effective in increasing the motivation to change harmful alcohol intake.

This is an exploratory study, of bibliographical type, which aimed to verify and characterize the literary production of nurses on the topic of alcoholism published in the Annals of the Brazilian Nursing Congress, published in the period of 1998-2008. The sample consisted of 99 abstracts that were directly related to the topic. The data were categorized according to the assumptions of content analysis and resulted in seven categories of analysis. It was evident that there was an increase in the production on the subject over the period of 1998-2008, and that the alcoholic patient care was the theme most researched by nurses. It was concluded that, despite the increase in production on the subject, it is still in its infancy, suggesting that other studies of this nature are needed in order to map the production of nursing published in the scientific events in the area.

Background: Aggression and violent behavior against health care professionals is a serious problem today and has aroused the interest of researchers and authorities. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Management of Aggression and Violence Attitude ScaleBrazil (MAVAS-BR) for use with Brazilian nurses. Method: The MAVAS-BR was applied in a convenience sample of 262 nurses, the data were submitted to an exploratory factor analysis, and reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The MAVAS-BR is composed of 23 items distributed among four factors, and the Cronbach's alpha was σ = 0.75. Discussion: The MAVAS-BR is a reliable instrument for measuring the attitudes of Brazilian nurses facing aggression and violent behavior. The scale has shown to possess validity and the recommended reliability criteria; however, additional studies using this scale should be performed to offer further evidence of its validity in the context of Brazilian nursing.

RESUMO: O estudo caracterizou o perfil profissional e educacional de enfermeiros de urgência e emergência psiquiátrica, identificando sua associação com a prática clínica. Estudo transversal realizado com 184 enfermeiros, em 17 serviços de atendimento de urgências e emergências psiquiátricas no estado de São Paulo, entre fevereiro e outubro de 2012. Evidenciou-se associação significativa entre o perfil dos enfermeiros e a prática clínica no atendimento de urgências e emergência psiquiátrica e os maiores preditores dessa associação foram: sexo masculino (OR=9,05), tempo de profissão maior que 10 anos (OR=2,67) e ser egresso de instituições públicas de ensino (OR=2,14). Enfermeiros do sexo masculino continuam sendo a linha de frente dos atendimentos em urgência e emergência psiquiátrica, sugerindo a perpetuação do modelo embasado na força física. A experiência profissional e maior carga horária durante a graduação são fatores que podem se constituir em melhor prática clínica em emergências psiquiátricas. DESCRITORES: Enfermagem psiquiátrica; Psiquiatria; Prática Profissional; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Serviços de Emergência Psiquiátrica. ENFERMEIROS DE SERVIÇOS DE URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA PSIQUIÁTRICA: ANÁLISE DE PERFIL PROFISSIONAL E EDUCACIONAL PSYCHIATRIC URGENCY AND EMERGENCY CARE NURSES: AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PROFILEABSTRACT: The present study characterized the professional and educational profile of nurses working at psychiatric urgency and emergency services, identifying its association with clinical practice. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 184 nurses in 17 psychiatric urgency and emergency healthcare services in the state of São Paulo from February to October 2012. A significant association was found between the profile of nurses and clinical practice in psychiatric urgency and emergency care, and the greatest predictors of this association were: male gender (OR=9.05), length of time in the profession longer than 10 years (OR=2.67), and having graduated at public educational institutions (OR=2.14). El estudio caracterizó el perfil profesional y educacional de enfermeros de urgencia y emergencia psiquiátrica, identificando su asociación con la práctica clínica. Estudio transversal realizado con 184 enfermeros en 17 servicios de atención de urgencias y emergencias psiquiátricas del estado de São Paulo, entre febrero y octubre de 2012. Se evidenció asociación significativa entre el perfil de los enfermeros y la práctica clínica en atención de urgencias y emergencias psiquiátricas, los mayores predictores de esta asociación fueron: sexo masculino (OR=9,05), tiempo desde graduación superior a 10 años (OR=2,67) y ser egresado de instituciones públicas de enseñanza (OR=2,14). Los enfermeros de sexo masculino continúan constituyendo la primera línea de atención en urgencias y emergencias psiquiátricas, sugiriendo la continuidad del modelo basado en la fuerza física. La experiencia profesional y mayor carga horaria durante el curso de grado son factores que pueden constituirse e...

O estudo objetivou caracterizar e compreender o contexto em que se dá o primeiro contato de mulheres com problemas relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas que procuraram atendimento em um serviço especializado em álcool e outras drogas. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo de abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Utilizaram-se informações contidas em 412 prontuários de mulheres atendidas num serviço especializado em álcool e outras drogas. Realizou-se uma análise exploratória dos dados quantitativos, e os dados qualitativos foram agrupados e analisados segundo a análise de conteúdo, originando cinco temáticas. Resultados: A idade média de primeiro contato com as drogas foi 16 anos e as substâncias mais usadas foram álcool, tabaco e maconha. Concluiu-se que, na adolescência, as mulheres ficam mais vulneráveis ao primeiro contato com substâncias psicoativas e que o contexto social e familiar exerce influência na iniciação do uso de drogas.