Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Zdravotně sociální fakulta, katedra ošetřovatelství a porodní asistence 2 Ústav pro péči o matku a dítě, oddělení resuscitační péče o novorozence, Praha summary In general, the palliative care is defined as a complex nursing and medicinal care provided for incurable patients who cannot be healed by using tools of contemporary medicine. For adult patients, this care is most typically provided in hospices or at departments of hospitals, which are adjusted to this care and equipped with technological background as well as professional human sources. It is currently possible to state that in each region of the Czech Republic, there is a hospice providing incurable patients with palliative and hospice care. Specialized palliative care is provided here for patients and their families. However, severely and incurably diseased patients also include children. Unfortunately, this cannot be changed by generally accepted desire that children should not die. In all the age categories, there are still diseases, which cannot be healed by methods of modern medicine. Under our conditions, these children are most frequently hospitalized in hospital institutions. Members of the personnel attempt to provide them with this specialized care. In the Czech Republic, the Foundation Klíček is currently most considerably involved in these health and social problems, and also manages an only hospice institution for children in the Czech Republic territory. The present article attempts to elucidate principles of providing children with the palliative and hospice care based on knowledge resulting from taking care of adults. The basic principles are very similar, but in certain aspects, they are contrastingly different and quite specific for paediatric patients and their families. key words: palliative care-hospice care-respite care-children ošetřovatelství souhrn Paliativní péče se obecně definuje jako komplexní ošetřovatelská a léčebná péče o nevyléčitelně nemocné, které současná medicína nedokáže uzdravit. Tato péče se dospělým pacientům nejčastěji poskytuje v hospicích nebo na nemocničních odděleních, která jsou pro tuto péči přizpůsobena a vybavena jak technologickým zázemím, tak personálním obsazením z řad odborníků. V současnosti můžeme říci, že v každém kraji České republiky funguje hospicové zařízení, které poskytuje paliativní a hospicovou péči nevyléčitelně nemocným. Pacientům a jejich rodinám je zde poskytnuta služba specializované paliativní péče. Mezi vážně a nevyléčitelně nemocné však patří i děti. Bohužel na tom nic nezmění ani obecně míněné přání, že děti by neměly umírat. Stále se ve všech věkových kategoriích vy
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