As with other anonymous web-based surveys, we cannot verify clinical characteristics that may impact consideration of PGD use. Our findings indicate high-risk men need more information about PGD and may benefit from educational materials to assist them in reproductive decision-making.
Laparoscopic injection with hyperosmolar glucose is an effective, systemically nontoxic alternative treatment for select unruptured ectopic pregnancies (hCG less than 2500 mIU/mL) that achieves tubal patency rates comparable to other conservative medical and surgical treatments.
Preliminary studies have demonstrated that salpingocentesis is a safe and effective treatment for unruptured ectopic pregnancies that are visible by transvaginal ultrasound. So far, experience with this technique has been confined to only a few centers around the world. The most promising results of these studies has been the virtual absence of side effects associated with local injection of either methotrexate or hyperosmolar glucose. Large prospective trials comparing efficacy, safety, and overall cost of salpingocentesis against systemic methotrexate will be necessary to better define the role of salpingocentesis in the management of ectopic pregnancy. Patient recruitment for this type of clinical trial would be feasible and acceptable to patients because both treatment arms would avoid surgery.
The object of this investigation is to determine wh~ther two aspects of reference group orientation, 1) mult- It is hypothesized that those people who are aware of higher multiplicity and higher structural variation of reference group orientations will be more likely to accept the viability of other cultural frames of reference.A _pilot study is performed in which twenty-one students from an undergraduate Speech Communication class at Portland State University are given two tests. In the first test, called the "Who are you?" test, the students indicate the multiplicity and structural variation of their reference group orientations. In the second test, called the "Acceptance/rejection of other cultural frames of reference" test, the students indicate the degree of their ethnocentrism.The degree of association between the students' responses on the two tests is measured by using the Pearson "r" coefficient. Results suggest that a moderately positive degree of association exists between both high multiplicity and high structural variation of reference group orientation and the acceptance of other cultural frames of reference. Recommendation is made for further investigation of multiplicity and st~ctural variation of reference group orientation as aspects of ethnocentrism and ethnorelativism.3
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.