Three new Chrysanthemum ·hybrida, garden chrysanthemum cultivars: Red Daisy, White Daisy, and Coral Daisy, are the first in the Mammoth TM series that are advanced interspecific hybrids derived from an open-pollinated cross between hexaploid C. weyrichii (Maxim.) Tzvelv. · C. ·grandiflora Tzvelv. These cultivars are backcross or inbred derivatives of the original interspecific F 1 hybrids. All three cultivars are U.S. Department of Agriculture Z3b (-34.4 8C to -37.2 8C) winter-hardy herbaceous perennials exhibiting a shrub habit with the cushion phenotype. Additional traits exhibited by these three cultivars are butterfly attractants, frost tolerance of the flowers, and genetic 'self-pinching.' These Mammoth TM cultivars are clonally propagated, virus indexed, protected by U.S. Plant Patents and Canadian Plant Breeder's Rights, and are available from the North American exclusive licensee Ball Seed Company.Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum ·grandiflora Ramat.; =Dendranthema · grandiflora Tzvelv.) are popular cut flowers, potted flowering plants, and perennial garden favorites worldwide with thousands of cultivars available (Anderson, 2006). Garden chrysanthemums are the number one herbaceous perennial in the United States, with a wholesale farmgate value of $141.845 million in (U.S. Dept. Agr, 2006. Numerous factors contribute to the long-term popularity of garden chrysanthemums, including fall flowering (most cultivars are obligate shortday plants), a wide range of flower types and colors, distinct plant habits (upright, cushion, groundcover), and winter hardiness (particularly for northern gardeners
Additional index words. Asteraceae, chrysanthemum breeding, Dendranthema, winterhardiness, herbaceous perennials Mammothä 'Yellow Quill' (U.S. Plant Patent 15,027; Canadian Plant Breeders' Rights Certificate No. 2951) is a new interspecific garden chrysanthemum cultivar, Chrysanthemum •hybridum Anderson (=Dendranthema •hybrida Anderson) with common names of hardy mum, chrysanthemum, and garden mum. It is a new and distinct form of shrubtype garden mum in the Mammothä series with spoon-shaped ray florets, frost-tolerant flower petals, self-pinching growth, and
One of the major production related problems associated with sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa and particularly in the sh 2 cultivars, has been root lodging. A study was thus conducted to determine if foliarly applied ethephon ((2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid) would effectively reduce susceptibility to root lodging in sweet corn, and to characterize three sweet corn genotypes' responses to ethephon. In 1987 and 1988 the effects of ethephon treatments on plant height. root lodging, and yield were evaluated using three sweet corn genotypes, sugary (su), sugary enhanced (se), and shrunken (sh 2 ).
In 1984 and 1985, 21 landscape plant introductions from northern Japan were distributed for testing in the NC-7 Regional Ornamental Plant Trials. Seventeen of these introductions were evaluated for 10 years at six to ten sites representing a cross-section of growing conditions in the north central United States. For these 17 introductions, first-year survival averaged 60%; however, by year 10, fewer than 20% of the original 425 plants were alive. Based on these evaluations, the populations could be divided into four groups. One population of Rosa rugosa was adapted to most trial sites; two populations (Alnus hirsuta and Lonicera chrysantha) were adapted to some sites; three populations were of poorly adapted dieback shrubs, and the remaining 11 populations included a diverse set of trees and shrubs unadapted to any, or nearly any, trial site. Temperature and moisture data from Japan and from trial sites were used to examine relationships between plant adaptation and climate. Statistically significant, multiple-regression models were calculated to describe the functional relationships between temperature and moisture conditions and plant adaptation at the various trial sites. Our models predict that plants from northern Japan are best adapted to sites in the northeastern United States where moisture surpluses exceed those typically found in the north central United States. These models also suggest criteria to evaluate sites throughout northeastern Asia for future exploration.
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