Budbreak, fruit quality and maturity of 'Superior' seedless grapes as affected by Dormex ® under Jordan Valley conditions. Abstract-Introduction. In subtropical regions, the lack of or insufficient winter chilling has been one of the most important yield-limiting factors for table grapes. Winter chilling for several weeks is required to cause the transition of both vegetative and floral buds from the dormant to the active state. Thus, the effect of time of application of Dormex ® (hydrogen cyanamide) on fruit quality and ripening of 'Superior' seedless grape was evaluated under Jordan Valley conditions. Materials and methods. Five-year-old 'Superior' seedless vines were pruned on 20 December and sprayed to runoff with a 5% (v/v) concentration of Dormex ® at pruning (Dormex prun0), 7 d (Dormex prun7) or 14 d (Dormex prun14) after pruning in comparison with the pruned-only control plants. The date of vegetative budbreak and start of flowering were determined. Fruits were harvested at intervals of 7 d starting from 9 May, with four harvests. Studied data were fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and maturity with the [TSS:TA] ratio. Results and discussion. All pruned and sprayed vines broke bud 23-46 d after pruning. The (Dormex prun0) and (Dormex prun7) treatments were the earliest. Compared with the control, Dormex ®-treated vines broke bud 4-26 d earlier. All pruned and Dormex ®-treated vines started flowering 55-64 d after pruning, with 4-13 d earlier than the control. Fruits of the (Dormex prun0) treatment had significantly the highest fruit weight, TSS and the least TA, and it was the only treatment that exceeded the [18:1] (TSS:TA) level. Additionally, higher TSS and lower TA were observed for fruits of Dormex ®-treated vines during all harvest dates in comparison with the control. Conclusion. Our study showed that, under southern Jordan Valley conditions, Dormex ® should be applied as early as at pruning time to obtain early budbreak and maturity. Jordan / Jordan River / Vitis vinifera / dormancy breakers / fruits / quality Effet du Dormex ® sur la levée de dormance, la qualité du fruit et la maturité de raisins aspermes 'Superior' dans les conditions de la vallée du Jourdain. Résumé-Introduction. Dans les régions subtropicales, le manque ou l'insuffisance de froid hivernal a été l'un des facteurs limitants du rendement le plus important pour le raisin de table. Un froid hivernal de plusieurs semaines est nécessaire pour provoquer la transition des bourgeons végétatifs et floraux du stade dormant à un état actif. De ce fait, la période d'application du Dormex ® (cyanamide d'hydrogène) a été évaluée quant à son effet sur la qualité du fruit et la maturation du raisin asperme 'Superior', dans les conditions de la vallée du Jourdan. Matériel et méthodes. Des vignes aspermes 'Superior' de 5 ans ont été taillées le 20 décembre et une solution à 5% de Dormex ® (v/v) a été appliquée par pulvérisation soit au moment de cette taille (Dormex taille0), soit 7 jours (Dormex taille7) ou 14 jo...
Effect of harvesting date on fruit quality of grapefruit cv. 'Red Blush' under Jordan Valley conditions. Abstract --Introduction. The grapefruit tree has a long production period. In the Jordan Valley, harvest lasts from November to March. Many Jordanian farmers tend to harvest their fruit early to get high prices, regardless of its quality. Thus, the effect of the harvesting date on fruit quality of grapefruit cv. 'Red Blush' was evaluated under Jordan Valley conditions for two seasons, 2002 and 2003. Materials and methods. Fruit quality of uniform 25-year-old grapefruit cv. 'Red Blush' trees budded on sour orange rootstock was studied during the 2002 and 2003 seasons. Fruits were harvested from October 15 in both seasons with 15-day intervals with a total of eight harvests. The studied data were total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), the [TSS/ TA] ratio and juice percentage. Results and discussion. Fruit total soluble solids and fruit juice percentages were at a minimal level during early harvesting dates and increased with time, reaching the maximum level on January 1 for TSS and January 15 for fruit juice percentage in the first season and on December 15 and February 1, respectively, in the second season, after that TSS decreased. Fruit titratable acidity values were at maximal levels during early harvesting dates (October 15) and decreased with time, reaching the minimum level on February 1 in the first season and on January 15 in the second season. The [TSS/TA] ratio ranged from 5.5 to 6.0 between January 1 and February 1 in the first season, and between December 1 and January 15 in the second season. Conclusion. Our study displayed that Jordan Valley growers are harvesting their grapefruits much too early to provide acceptable eating quality fruits to local markets.Jordan / Jordan river / Citrus paradisi / fruits / harvesting date / climate / quality Effet de la date de récolte sur la qualité du pamplemousse 'Red Blush' dans les conditions de la vallée du Jourdan.
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