Abuse of the elderly is not a new issue at the international level. It is seen as a serious social problem that is a growing concern. A number of countries have enacted specific legal mechanisms to address and prevent the problem. In Malaysia, the abuse of the elderly is recognized as a form of domestic violence. The legislation dealing with matters pertaining to domestic violence is Domestic Violence Act 1994 (Act 521) which is to be read together with Penal Code. The Domestic Violence Act (DVA) becomes the main legislation which gives protection and provides civil remedies to the abused victims while the Penal Code concerns with penalizing the abuser. Despite the growing literature on the issue of elder abuse in Malaysia, little has been written on the legal protections offered by the DVA to the elderly victims. This paper aims to explore the adequacy of civil remedies given to the abused elderly as provided for under the DVA and further analyses on the adequacy and suitability of the Act in protecting the elderly victims from abuse.
Globally, social protection schemes are considered as effective tools in ensuring the well-being of the poor, disempowered and otherwise marginalised people of society. It is applicable in cases of elderly people who are comparatively vulnerable due to their old age, and at times poverty or the lack of financial security.The proportion of elderly people in poverty is higher than that in the working age population, indicating the increasing likelihood of people falling into poverty as they leave or retire from the workforce. Therefore, one way of addressing poverty among the elderly is through social protection mechanisms. Malaysia and the Philippines are two Southeast Asian countries on their way to becoming ageing nations. As such, both these countries have already adopted numerous social protection schemes to ensure the well-being of the marginalised segments of society, including the elderly. Thus, based on existing literature, this paper is an attempt to revisit and re-examine the role and adequacy of existing social protection schemes available in Malaysia and the Philippines.
AbstrakPenghijrahan bekas banduan dari tempat asal ke kawasan baru berlaku atas pelbagai sebab penolakan yang wujud dari tempat asal. Kesan penghijrahan ini membawa kepada penumpuan bekas banduan yang ramai di suatu tempat yang sama. Kajian yang dilakukan ini telah mendapati berlakunya penumpuan bekas banduan di sekitar Jalan Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur. Situasi yang berlaku ini amat membimbangkan apabila pengaruh jenayah boleh berlaku secara berterusan. Penumpuan rakan senasib akan mengalakkan aktiviti jenayah dan pengulangan jenayah lama seperti mencuri, merompak, meragut, mengambil dadah dan sebagainya. Oleh itu, sistem keadilan jenayah di Malaysia akan sering menemui kegagalan dalam memulihkan bekas banduan. Bekas banduan akan tetap kembali kepada sikap dan tingkah laku yang sama akibat jenis pergaulan yang dipilih. Temu bual mendalam telah dilakukan ke atas 16 orang bekas banduan yang mempunyai masalah ketagihan dadah tanpa mengira jenis kesalahan lepas. Analisis kajian telah memperlihatkan kecenderungan bekas banduan untuk berhijrah dari tempat asal dan rumah keluarga akibat daripada penolakan keluarga dan juga stigma yang wujud di tempat asal mereka. Dapatan kajian ini berupaya membekalkan maklumat dalam membuktikan punca penghijrahan bekas banduan di suatu tempat yang sama iaitu dalam kajian ini ialah di sekitar Jalan Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur. Penemuan ini dapat menyumbangkan hasil dapatan yang baru kepada sistem keadilan jenayah di Malaysia tentang penghijrahan dan penumpuan bekas banduan di suatu kawasan yang sama serta kesan-kesan yang boleh berlaku daripada penumpuan bekas banduan ini.Kata kunci: bekas banduan, faktor penarik, faktor penolak, jenayah, penghijrahan, penumpuan
Millions of people worldwide remain stateless with various breakdowns in many regions (UN, 2018). As of 2019, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (hereinafter UNHCR) estimated a total of 3.9 million stateless people in the world (UNHCR, Malaysia, 2019). According to the United Nations (UN, 2018), approximately 50 percent of the 10 million stateless people of the world are residing in Asia, with at least 1 million of them being Rohingya Muslims from Myanmar. Amongst the member states of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), countries like Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia continuously face challenges pertaining to statelessness and stateless children. They usually come from neighbouring countries like Bangladesh and Myanmar (SUHAKAM, 2018). This article therefore, will examine the challenges of these statelessness and stateless children in Malaysia from a legal perspective; particularly on the definitions, categories of stateless children and the importance for the country to have national laws and policies pertaining to these issues.
Akta Orang Kurang Upaya 2008 yang berkuat kuasa pada 7 Julai 2008 menunjukkan komitmen negara untuk membantu golongan orang kurang upaya (OKU). Objektif akta ini yang mengiktiraf kepentingan kebolehcapaian OKU terhadap persekitaran fizikal, sosial, ekonomi dan budaya, kesihatan dan pendidikan serta maklumat dan komunikasi yang membolehkan mereka upaya mengambil bahagian secara penuh dan berkesan dalam masyarakat. Hak OKU tidak boleh dilihat secara berasingan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Hak asasi manusia dalam perspektif yang lebih luas telah menjadi semakin penting dalam dunia hari ini. Akta ini telah berjaya menukar konsep kebajikan kepada konsep hak bagi golongan OKU di Malaysia. Walaupun akta ini boleh disifatkan sebagai menyokong hak OKU, akta tersebut masih lemah dari segi penguatkuasaannya, walaupun telah digubal 14 tahun yang lalu. Oleh itu, makalah ini akan mengkaji dan membincangkan secara kritis perkembangan perundangan mengenai golongan OKU di Malaysia. Perkara ini berdasarkan fakta bahawa undang-undang merupakan komponen penting dalam usaha merealisasikan hasrat untuk melihat golongan OKU dilayan secara adil seperti individu yang berkeupayaan. Konsep kesaksamaan ini bukanlah sesuatu yang baharu kerana akta ini termaktub sebagai kebebasan asasi yang telah dijamin oleh Perlembagaan Persekutuan.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.