Cognition is the way we use mental skills to acquire knowledge, manipulate ideas, and process new information and beliefs. The Strategic Thinking Questionnaire (STQ), which measures three such skills – systems thinking – reframing – reflection, was used to collect data from students preparing for school leadership roles at four universities in the United States (USA), Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Shanghai. It was thought that the use of these skills might vary from country to country because of western and eastern cultural norms. Based on self-reported data from 328 educators preparing for school leadership roles we concluded that the use of strategic thinking skills were found in all locations but the variance in their use is more a function of age of respondents, and gender rather than location. These findings have implications for training, professional development, and selection of aspiring leaders.
This study used Bolman and Deal's framework to examine the leadership frames of a vice-chancellor in a private university in Malaysia. Qualitative methods comprised interviews with the vice-chancellor and six of his staff reporting directly to him, document analysis, and observations. Atlas.ti was used to code the leadership frames. Content analysis revealed that the vice-chancellor exhibited three frames, showing a multi-frame leadership style. It reflects the vice-chancellor implements an effective leadership style and a high level of cognitive ability, which is important for the organizational effectiveness.
Millions of people worldwide remain stateless with various breakdowns in many regions (UN, 2018). As of 2019, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (hereinafter UNHCR) estimated a total of 3.9 million stateless people in the world (UNHCR, Malaysia, 2019). According to the United Nations (UN, 2018), approximately 50 percent of the 10 million stateless people of the world are residing in Asia, with at least 1 million of them being Rohingya Muslims from Myanmar. Amongst the member states of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), countries like Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia continuously face challenges pertaining to statelessness and stateless children. They usually come from neighbouring countries like Bangladesh and Myanmar (SUHAKAM, 2018). This article therefore, will examine the challenges of these statelessness and stateless children in Malaysia from a legal perspective; particularly on the definitions, categories of stateless children and the importance for the country to have national laws and policies pertaining to these issues.
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