Resumo -O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico do consórcio de alface e rúcula fertilizado com diferentes quantidades de biomassa de flor-de-seda incorporadas ao solo. O experimento foi conduzido no período de setembro a novembro de 2011, na área de pesquisa da Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró-RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram das seguintes quantidades de biomassa de flor-de-seda incorporadas ao solo (5,15, 25, 35 e 45 t ha -1 em base seca). As características avaliadas nas hortaliças foram: altura e diâmetro de plantas (alface), número de folhas por planta, produtividade (alface), rendimento de massa verde (rúcula) e massa seca da parte aérea. A eficiência do cultivo consorciado foi determinada pelo escore da variável canônica. A otimização do desempenho agronômico da alface consorciada com rúcula foi viabilizada com a incorporação de aproximadamente 37 t ha -1 de flor-deseda ao solo. O uso de flor-de-seda como adubo verde é viável agronomicamente no cultivo associado de alface e rúcula, além de contribuir para um melhor aproveitamento dos recursos ambientais.Palavras-chave: Adubação verde. Consorciação de culturas. Calotropis procera. Eruca sativa. Lactuca sativa. AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE INTERCROPPING LETTUCE-ARUGULA FERTILIZED WITH ROOSTERTREEAbstract -The present work aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of lettuce-arugula intercropping fertilized with different amounts of roostertree biomass incorporated into the ground. The experiment was conducted during the period of September to November of 2011, in the research area of the Experimental Farm Rafael Fernandes, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró-RN. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of the following biomass amounts of roostertree incorporated into the soil (5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 t ha -1 on a dry basis). The characteristics evaluated in the vegetables were: height and diameter of plants (lettuce), number of leaves per plant, productivity (lettuce), yield of green mass (arugula) and dry mass of shoots. The efficiency of intercropping system was determined through the score of the canonical variable. The optimization of the agronomic performance of the lettuce intercropped with arugula was made possible with the incorporation of about 37 t ha -1 of roostertree into the ground. The use of roostertree as green manure is agronomically viable in the intercropping of lettuce and arugula besides contributing to a better use of environmental resources.
RESUMOEste trabalho foi conduzido no período de julho a novembro de 2009, na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido -UFERSA, Brasil, objetivando-se avaliar a produção da beterraba (Beta vulgaris L.) fertilizada com jitirana (Merremia aegyptia L.) sob diferentes doses e tempos de sua incorporação ao solo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos completamente casualizados e os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 + 1 com 3 repetições, com 72 plantas por parcela, sendo o primeiro fator constituído pelas doses de jitirana (5,4; 8,8; 12,2 e 15,6 t ha -1 em base seca), o segundo pelos tempos de sua incorporação ao solo (0, 10, 20 e 30 dias após a semeadura -DAS) e o tratamento adicional com adubação de 80 t ha -1 de esterco bovino. A cultivar de beterraba plantada foi a Early Wonder. A melhor performance produtiva da beterraba foi obtida na dose de 15,6 t ha -1 de jitirana incorporada ao solo, no tempo 0 dia. Os indicadores econômicos na dose de 15,6 t ha -1 no tempo de 0 dia foram superiores aos obtidos com o uso de 80 t ha -1 de esterco bovino. O cultivo da beterraba é viável agroeconomicamente com o uso da jitirana como adubo verde. Palavras-chave: Beta vulgaris, Merremia aegyptia, adubação verde, eficiência produtivaProduction of sugar beet fertilized with scarlet starglory at different doses and times of incorporation to soil ABSTRACT This study was conducted from July to November 2009, at Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil, to assess the production of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) fertilized with scarlet starglory (Merremia aegyptia L.) at different doses and times of soil incorporation. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 + 1 factorial, with three replicates and 72 plants per plot, where the first factor consisted of the doses of scarlet starglory (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15. 6 t ha -1 on dry basis), the second one by the times of soil incorporation (0, 10, 20, and 30 days after sowing -DAS), and additional treatment with 80 t ha -1 of cattle manure. The sugar beet cultivar grown was Early Wonder. The best productive performance for sugar beet was obtained in the dose of 15.6 t ha -1 of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil at time 0 day. Economic indicators in the dose of scarlet starglory of 15.6 t ha -1 at time 0 day of its incorporation into the soil were higher than those obtained with the use of 80 t ha -1 of cattle manure. The cultivation of sugar beet is agro-economically viable with the use of scarlet starglory as green manure.
The integration of research emphasizing sustainable development, employment, income generation and food security has been highlighted in the media. The objective of this research was to evaluate the agro-economic responsiveness of radish associations with cowpea in the presence of different amounts of roostertree, spatial arrangements and agricultural crops. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications, with treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, where the first factor consisted of four amounts of C. procera incorporated in the soil (20, 35, 50 and 65 t ha-1 on a dry basis) and the second factor of three spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4) in two cropping seasons. Radish samples were evaluated for plant height, dry mass of shoots, total and commercial productivity of roots, productivity of scrap roots, and dry mass of roots, while in cowpea, vegetation was assessed for length of green pods, number of pods per square meter, productivity and dry mass of green pods, number of green grains per pod, weight of 100 green grains, and yield and dry mass of green grains. The economic indicators of monetary advantage and modified monetary advantage were used in the evaluation of efficiency. A greater agro-economic responsiveness of the intercropping of radish and cowpea crops was obtained with the incorporation of 56.44 t ha-1 of C. procera. The spatial arrangements of 3:3 and 4:4 had better agronomic and economic responsiveness. The association between radish and cowpea is feasible when the crops are fertilized with C. procera.
Resumo -A jitirana é uma planta herbácea nativa que se apresenta como uma fonte potencial para adubação verde no nordeste semi-árido do Brasil e gera inúmeros benefícios, com destaque para o aumento da disponibilidade de nutrientes para as culturas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico da cenoura adubada com jitirana antes de sua semeadura. Um experimento foi conduzido na horta didática do Departamento de Ciências Vegetais da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2008. O delineamento experimental usado foi em blocos completos casualizados com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 + 1, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelas quantidades de jitirana incorporadas ao solo (5,4; 8,8; 12,2 e 15,6 t ha -1 em base seca) e o segundo fator pelos tempos de incorporação da jitirana (0; 10; 20 e 30 dias antes da semeadura da cenoura -DAS). O tratamento adicional (testemunha) foi de 80 t ha -1 de esterco bovino. As características avaliadas na cenoura foram: altura das plantas, número de folhas por planta, massa seca da parte aérea, produtividade comercial, produtividade refugo e produtividade classificada. Não houve interação significativa entre os fatores quantidades de jitirana incorporadas ao solo e seus tempos de incorporação antes da semeadura da cenoura em nenhuma das características avaliadas. O melhor desempenho produtivo da cenoura foi obtido na quantidade de 15,6 t ha -1 de jitirana incorporada ao solo e no tempo de 20 dias antes de sua semeadura. Palavras-chave -Daucus carota. Merremia aegptya. Adubo verde.Abstract -The scarlet starglory is an herbaceous plant native that is presented as a potential source for green manure in the semi-arid northeast of Brazil, and generates many benefits, especially the increased availability of nutrients for crops. The objective of this present study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of carrot fertilized with scarlet starglory before carrot sowing. An experiment was conducted at the teaching garden of the Plant Sciences Department, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, from September to December 2008. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block with treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with 3 replications. The first factor was composed of the quantities of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil (5.4; 8.8; 12.2 and 15.6 t ha -1 on a dry basis), and the second factor by the times of scarlet starglory incorporation into the soil (0; 10; 20 and 30 days before sowing of carrot -DBS). The additional treatment (control) was fertilized with 80 t ha -1 of cattle manure. The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, leaf number per plant, dry mass of shoot, commercial productivity, scrap productivity, classified productivity. There was no significant interaction between the quantities of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil and its times of incorporation before carrot sowing on any ...
-The objective of this study was to evaluate combinations of coriander and salad rocket cultivars in bicropping systems intercropped with carrot cultivars in strips under the conditions of Mossoró-RN. The work was conducted at the Experimental Farm Rafael Fernandes from July to December 2014. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and treatments arranged in a factorial design with additional treatments of type 2 x 2 x 2 + 2. The treatments consisted of the combinations of two coriander cultivars (Verdão and Português) and two rocket cultivars (Cultivada and Folha Larga), intercropped with two carrot cultivars (Brasília and Esplanada) plus two additional treatments, where the first are the cultivars in monocropping and the second the types of cropping (single and intercropped). We evaluated fresh and dry shoot mass in coriander and rocket and fresh and dry shoot mass as well as dry root mass, commercial and total root productivity, and classified root productivity in carrot. In the intercropping systems we evaluated land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index, and score of the canonical variable, besides the indicators of economic efficiency (gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin). Highest agroeconomic efficiency in intercropping systems was achieved with the combination of the coriander cultivar 'Verdão' and the rocket cultivars 'Folha Larga' or 'Cultivada' as well as the carrot cultivars 'Brasília' or 'Esplanada'. Regardless of the tested cultivar combinations, systems with coriander and salad rocket intercropped with carrot showed higher efficiency than monocropping systems.
RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a viabilidade agronômica do bicultivo de rúcula (R) e alface consorciado (A) com cenoura (C) sob diferentes quantidades de flor-de-seda incorporadas ao solo e de proporções de densidades populacionais entre as culturas componentes no semiárido do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos completos casualizados com quatro repetições, com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelas quantidades de flor-de-seda incorporadas ao solo (10, 25, 40 e 55 t ha -1 em base seca) e o segundo fator pelas proporções de densidades populacionais das culturas componentes em policultivo [(50R-50C-50A (%); 40R-50C-40A (%); 30R-50C-30A (%) e 20R-50C-20A (%) das populações recomendadas em cultivos solteiro -PRCS)]. As folhosas foram plantadas em dois cultivos no ciclo da cenoura e uma análise conjunta foi realizada envolvendo os dois cultivos da rúcula e da alface e o fatorial 4 x 4. As características avaliadas foram: rendimento de massa verde (rúcula); massa seca da parte aérea e produtividade (alface); produtividade total; comercial; e classificada de raízes de cenoura. A vantagem monetária corrigida foi usada para avaliar a viabilidade agronômica dos sistemas consorciados. O uso da flor-de-seda como adubo verde se mostrou viável no policultivo de rúcula, cenoura e alface. O melhor desempenho agronômico do policultivo de rúcula, cenoura e alface foi registrado na quantidade de 55 t ha -1 de flor-de-seda incorporada ao solo. As proporções de densidades populacionais de rúcula, cenoura e alface de 50-50-50 (%) das PRCS foram as que proporcionaram a maior viabilidade agronômica dos policultivos. Palavras-chave: Associação de culturas. Eruca sativa. Daucus carota. Lactuca sativa. Calotropis procera. AGRONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF POLYCULTURES OF ARUGULA/CARROT/LETTUCE UNDER AMOUNTS OF ROOSTERTREE AND POPULATION DENSITIESABSTRACT -This work aimed to study the agronomic feasibility of the arugula (A) and lettuce (L) bicropping intercropped with carrot (C) under different amounts of roostertree incorporated into the soil and proportions of population densities among component crops in semiarid conditions of the Rio Grande do Norte state. The experimental design was randomized complete block with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a factorial 4 x 4. The first factor was constituted by the amounts of roostertree incorporated into the soil (10, 25, 40 and 55 t ha -1 on a dry basis) and the second factor by the proportions of population densities of the component crops in polyculture [(50A-50C-50L (%); 40A-50C-40L (%); 30A-50C-30L (%) and 20A-50C-20L (%) of the recommended populations in sole crops -RPSC)]. The leafy vegetable crops were planted in two cultivations during the carrot cycle, and a joint analysis was carried out involving the two cultivations in the 4 x 4 factorial scheme. The characteristics evaluated were green mass yield (arugula), dry mass of shoots and productivity (lettuce), total, comme...
-The aim of this study was to evaluate the agro-economic efficiency of intercropping carrot with cowpeavegetable in relation to the amounts of biomass of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. (known locally as flor-de-seda) incorporated into the soil, and to different spatial arrangements. The study was carried out under field conditions from August to November of 2014, at the Experimental Farm 'Rafael Fernandes' of the Rural Federal University of the Semi-Arid (RFUSA), in Mossoró, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomised complete blocks in a 4 x 3 factorial, consisting of a combination of four different amounts of flor-de-seda biomass incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50 and 65 t ha -1 of dry matter) and three spatial arrangements for the crop rows (2 x 2, 3 x 3 and 4 x 4). The carrot and cowpea cultivars used were Brasília and BRS Itaim . The characteristics under evaluation in the carrot were total, commercial and classified root production (scrap, short, medium and long). For the cowpea-vegetable, the following were evaluated: number, productivity and dry matter weight of green pods, number of grains per pod, 100-grain weight and yield of green grains. The agro-economic efficiency indices evaluated in the intercropping were: land equivalent ratio for the system and partial land equivalent ratios for the crops, monetary advantage and modified monetary advantage. The greatest agro-economic efficiency with the intercrop system was recorded in the biomass amount of 30 t ha -1 flor-de-seda. The 2 x 2 spatial arrangement resulted in greater system efficiency. The use of flor-de-seda as green manure is economically viable for the farmer when intercrop carrot with cowpea-vegetable.Key words: Daucus carota. Vigna unguiculata. Calotropis procera. Intercropping.RESUMO -O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência agro-económico do consórcio cenoura com caupi-hortaliça em relação às quantidades de biomassa de Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. (conhecida localmente como flor-de-seda) incorporadas ao solo, e diferentes arranjos espaciais. O estudo foi conduzido em condições de campo no período de agosto a novembro de 2014, na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, compreendendo a combinação de quatro quantidades de biomassa de flor-de-seda incorporadas ao solo (20; 35; 50 e 65 t ha -1 de matéria seca) e três arranjos espaciais de fileiras de plantas das culturas (2:2; 3:3; e 4:4). As cultivares de cenoura e caupi-hortaliça plantadas foram: Brasília e BRS Itaim . As características avaliadas na cenoura foram: produção total, comercial e classificada de raízes (refugo, curtas, médias e longas). No caupi-hortaliça avaliou-se: número, produtividade e peso da biomassa seca de vagens verdes, número de grãos por vagem, peso de 100 grãos e rendimento de grãos verdes. Os índices de eficiência agroeconômica avalia...
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