Multi-tone-based wavelength division multiplexed passive optical networks are considered to provide cost-effective access network solution. We analysed and revealed the transmission performance, power budget concern and the cost investigation of the multi-tone-based WDM PON. A differential phase shift keying and re-modulated return to zero on/off keying signals for downlink and uplink, respectively, are transmitted via a single-mode fibre. The transmission performance of the proposed architecture is analysed using key parameters of bit error rate and optical signal to noise ratio using different data rates and channel spacing. The simulation results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis. The power budget is calculated for both upstream and downstream data signals showing excellent system margins for any unseen losses. The proposed setup is also analysed in terms of cost to prove it the cost-effective solution for the next-generation optical access networks.
An energy and communication efficient FSS is presented for equivalent model of ESG with hard coating. An FSS with second order band-pass response has been realized by full wave 3D simulations and results have been imitated using an equivalent circuit model to calculate the value of lumped elements. The design is composed of three cascaded FSSs with two glass layers of 6 mm each in between. Due to this topology the transmission of useful RF/microwave signals has been improved for a wider bandwidth, increased thermal insulation, stable frequency and polarization at oblique incidence and security for WLAN at 2.45 GHz.
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