Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH-1) is a marker of stem cells in a variety of diseases, but its role in individuals with chronic inflammatory periapical lesions remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of cells with a stem cell profile based on the immunoexpression of ALDH-1 in periapical granulomas (PGs) and radicular cysts (RCs). A total of 51 cases of periapical lesions (25 PGs and 26 RCs) were subjected to immunohistochemical study. The anti-ALDH-1 antibody was applied using the immunoperoxidase technique. An immunoexpression score (intensity vs. percentage of cells) was used, with the cases being classified as low expression (score: 0 to 4) and high expression (score: 6 to 9). The Chi-square test was used with a 5% level of significance. Immunoexpression of ALDH-1 was detected in all cases of PGs and RCs. In PG cases, the expression was diffuse in connective tissue cells, with most cases exhibiting high expression (n = 18; 69.2%), while in RC cases the expression revealed focal distribution in cells of the capsule and epithelial cells of the cystic lining, with most cases classified as low expression (n = 18; 72%). Significant differences in the expression scores of ALDH-1 were observed in PGs (p = 0.003). The variable expression of ALDH-1 suggests the presence of cells with stem cell profiles in PGs and RCs. These findings suggest that periapical tissues infiltrated by chronic inflammation can recruit important cells for the repair or evolution of periapical lesions.
Objective: To analyze the expression of macrophages in periapical granulomas (PGs) and radicular cysts (RCs). Methodology: We selected 264 cases of chronic periapical lesions stored at the Laboratory of Pathology, Dental School of Pernambuco (FOP)/UPE, including 89 PGs and 175 RCs. Seventy-nine cases, 23 PGs and 56 RCs, were submitted to immunohistochemical analysis by the streptavidin-biotin method using anti-CD68 antibody. The chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine the existence of associations with categorical and clinical variables, adopting a 95% confidence level (p≤0.05). Results: We observed immunoexpression of CD68 in 83% of cases. The number of CD68+ cells (score 3 or 4) was higher in PGs, with predominantly intense staining. Significant differences in the number of CD68+ cells and staining intensity were observed between the chronic periapical lesions analyzed. Conclusion: The presence of CD68+ cells in periapical tissues may indicate the development, maintenance and/or severity of the inflammation-mediated immune response, which is more intense in PG.
Primary molars with furcation lesions have a negative impact on the child's quality of life. We determined the prevalence of furcation lesions and their influence on the root resorption process in primary molars. It is Cross-sectional study of patients aged 3 to 12 years that was apply a health questionnaire was applied and the teeth were submitted to physical examination using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and periapical radiography. Criteria for radiographic interpretation were established and assessments performed by three different specialists. The kappa coefficient measured interexaminer agreement and level of significance of 5% was adopted for all tests. The sample consisted of 26 patients and 50 primary molars. The second molar received ICDAS score 6 in 38.5% of the sample. The interexaminer agreement was almost perfect between the radiologist and pediatric dentist for caries depth on the mesial (K=0.97) and occlusal surface (K=0.97); In root resorption for mesial (K=0.89) and distal (K=0.93). The detection of furcation lesions was present in 42.3% of the sample; 50% of the teeth had at least 1/3 of the mesial root resorbed and 75% of the distal root and the presence of furcation lesions in primary molars influenced root resorption.
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