Background: Benign idiopathic infantile masturbation (infantile dyskinesia) or also known as gratification disorder is a rare abnormal paroxysmal movement disorder that occurs in children between 3 months and 3 years old. This disorder is characterized by self-stimulation of the genitalia and associated with unusual posturing and movements. Therefore, it could mimic as seizure.2 The diagnosis of this disorder may be perplexing and scarcely reported. Case Findings: We reported a 3 years old infant with abnormal behavior and posturing with rocking and thrusting movements accompanied by erection and clear secretion from his penis. The episodes were described as hip and knee flexion towards the abdomen, plantar flexion with flexion of the toes, extension of the elbows, clenched fists, and this behavior always occurred while lying in bed. Physical and neurological examination showed normal results. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was within normal limits hence done to exclude seizure as diagnosis. Parents were then educated and the child now does not show any previous behavior. Conclusion: Benign infantile masturbation is a harmless behavior that is scarcely reported in journals and commonly mistaken as seizure. It presents with typical clinical characteristics and commonly found in females. However, our case report showed that this disorder may also be found in male with additional characteristics such as erection and clear secretion from the penis. To date, there is no exact treatment that could alleviate the symptom other than patient education. Keywords: Gratification Disorder, Benign Infantile Masturbation.
Background: With ever-increasing incidence, young-onset stroke is responsible for significant psychosocial and economic burden, primarily due to post-stroke disability in the productive population. Objective: The aim of our study is to assess the profile and risk factors in young-onset stroke compared to those in older patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. We included all patients with acute stroke, or transient ischemic attack (TIA) treated at Siloam Lippo Village Hospital between October 2021 and February 2022. An independent t-test was conducted for continuous variables with normal distribution and a Mann-Whitney U test for ordinal or continuous variables with non-normal distribution. Pearson's chi-square test was performed for categorical variables. Results: 153 patients with acute stroke and TIA were included. On univariate analysis comparing young and old-onset strokes, significant differences were found in diagnosis (p=0.039), Bamford classification (p=0.022), NIHSS (p=0.014), history of smoking (p=0.012), previous stroke (p=0.045), history of coronary artery disease (p=0.026), and routine antiplatelet use (p=0.018). Conclusion: We found a predominance of hemorrhagic stroke and TIA in the young-onset group, with more common involvement of the anterior circulation. Older onset was associated with a higher NIHSS score. Modifiable risk factors are more common in young-onset stroke, while non-modifiable risk factors are more common in the older population. However, hypertension remains an equally important risk factor in both groups. Our study provides an overview of the profile and risk factors for young-onset stroke. The information obtained can be useful as educational material for the community to prevent young-onset stroke.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to be a global issue. While immunizations comprise an important line of defense against it, adverse effects may occur. We report two cases of autoimmune conditions affecting the nervous system, anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and myasthenia gravis (MG), that developed in close association following COVID-19 vaccination. CASE REPORT: In our first case, a 29-year-old woman presents with recurrent seizures, auditory hallucinations, psychiatric symptoms, and autonomic abnormalities, with an onset of one day after receiving the second dose of inactivated SARS-COV-2 whole virus vaccine. CSF analysis and electroencephalogram (EEG) was consistent with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In our second case, a 23-year-old woman presents with ocular ptosis, diplopia, hoarseness, and fatigability, which first appeared one-day after her first dose of inactivated SARS-COV-2 whole virus vaccine. Electromyography (EMG) results established a definitive diagnosis of MG. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and MG associated with inactivated SARS-COV-2 whole virus vaccine. In both cases, COVID-19 vaccination appears to be the only remarkable feature of history. The authors postulate that COVID-19 vaccination may trigger underlying defects or induce failure of positive and negative selection, which may lead to autoreactivity and subsequent autoimmunity. However, further studies are required to confirm this possibility.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.