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OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the skull morphology of the Straight Egyptian Arabian (SEAR) to the Thoroughbred (TB), using computed tomography (CT) in the context of surgical procedures commonly performed on the equine head. ANIMALS Measurements relating to surgical considerations of the equine head were taken from 29 clinically normal adult horses (15 SEAR, 14 TB). PROCEDURES A clinical prospective study. Standing skull CTs were performed. Fourteen gross and 10 CT measurements were taken. RESULTS Several variables showed a significant difference between groups, in all cases greater in TB. Head length (P < .001) and facial crest length (P < .001) were significantly shorter in SEAR than TB. The head length was shorter relative to body height in SEAR (P < .001). The lateral length of a virtual maxillary bone flap was shorter in SEAR (P < .001). SEAR had smaller craniofacial angles than TB (P = .018). CLINICAL RELEVANCE SEAR skull morphology differs significantly from TB, making surgical approaches potentially more challenging. Compared with TB, the shorter facial crest in the SEAR group could contribute to poor surgical access to the maxillary sinus in SEAR due to shorter maxillary flap lengths. Significant differences in the craniofacial angles between SEAR and TB suggest similarities between SEAR and brachycephalic dog breeds, warranting further investigation.

Singer et al. (2022) argue that the current lexical shift within autism research towards more neutral terminology hinders accurate scientific description of the wide range of autistic experiences, particularly within clinical and medical contexts. In this Letter to the Editor, we present an examination and criticism of these claims. This letter is authored and co-signed by a diverse group of autistic researchers, scholars, clinicians, and self-advocates with a wide range of clinical presentation and support needs, as well as non-autistic researchers, scholars, clinicians, and loved ones of autistic people.

Four cases are described where inappropriat~ treatment b)' the traditional Nepali spiritualist healer or jhankri resulted in amputation ora previously healthy limb. Such treatments may involve the use of tourniquets, burning, scarification and herbal remedies.

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Nursing plays a crucial role in the management of the hospitalised laminitic horse, and can significantly impact both the welfare and the outcome of these critical patients. This review looks at aspects of supportive care for hospitalised laminitic horses that can be provided by veterinary nurses, ranging from monitoring, environmental management, cryotherapy, nutrition, and provision of solar support.

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• SUMMARY: The clinical experience of an Army Surgeon in a Military Hospital in East Nepal is discussed. The truly • general nature of the work load is highlighted and the need for abroad based general training in surgery for such a task is well illustrated. A high degree of inter-disciplinary co-operation was experienced and was indeed essential for good clinical practice. The health problems of a developing country are glimpsed. The severe limitations imposed on clinical practice as a consequence of limited facilities are particularly noteworthy.