Due to the rapid and constant changes in the market, organizations are increasingly forced to develop innovative products or services with added value. In Colombia, a large percentage of information and communications technology (ict) firms concentrate in the city of Medellín. For these organizations, developing and implementing innovation capabilities (ics) is considered strategic and essential to strengthen their competitiveness and the economic contribution of the ict sector to the city and the country, which is reflected in the national gdp. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the variables that lead to the identification and incorporation of ics by firms in the ict sector through a systematic literature review (slr) in the 6 most relevant bibliographic databases. The results obtained were used for the analysis of the ict sector in Medellín. According to our findings, firms must possess the necessary innovation capabilities and competencies to develop skills and knowledge oriented to research and development and to be competitive in the market, considering the transformations of the industry. In addition, identifying and incorporating ics into their organizational structures allow them to improve decision-making and create strategies that contribute to strengthening their innovation activity and competitive advantage.
Como objetivo principal, se diseñó una herramienta que facilita la definición de la orientación estratégica enfocada a la innovación en las organizaciones. Se realizó la búsqueda de información principalmente enfocada en los aportes fundamentales para el desarrollo estratégico de las organizaciones definidos por algunos autores. Se construyó una herramienta integradora que permite evaluar la situación general de la empresa y entregar resultados que facilitan la orientación de la toma de decisión estratégica de innovación. Finalmente, sabiendo que la definición estratégica es un proceso difícil de precisar en las organizaciones, esta herramienta, permite por medio de preguntas, determinar la respuesta para cada aspecto o componente de la compañía, entregando un resultado final que sea aproximado a la realidad de la empresa.
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