We report for the first time that 10-day CR can attenuate the altered signaling transduction for inflammatory processes which is mediated through RS-induced NF-kB and AP-1 in aged kidney.
E2F-1 is a downstream regulator of the Rb pathway and is a transcription factor that plays a key role in the control of cell cycle progression. Deregulation of E2F-1 expression and Rb pathway is involved in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate E2F-1 expression and Rb pathway alteration and to elucidate their correlation with clinical and pathologic parameters in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We investigated overexpression of E2F-1 and alterations of p16(INK4a), cyclin D1, CDK4, and pRb using immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray methods in 72 EOC patients. Overexpression of E2F-1 was detected in 45.8% of samples. The overall abnormal expression frequencies of p16(INK4a), cyclin D1, CDK4, and pRb were 33.3%, 11.1%, 12.5%, and 38.9%, respectively. E2F-1 overexpression was not associated with alteration of the Rb pathway. E2F-1 overexpression was correlated with FIGO stage, histologic grade, and mitotic index; it was a valuable prognostic variable along with FIGO stage in the multivariated analysis. The results suggest that E2F-1 has a growth-promoting effect in EOC and that E2F-1 overexpression may provide a useful prognostic indicator for EOC.
Several dynamic analysis techniques are compared with a planar vehicle model. Cartesian formulation, the superelement technique, velocity transformation, and the recursive formula are compared. A recursive formula with multiple trees is derived and its simulation algorithm is also developed. The relation between the derived recursive formula and velocity transformation is investigated. When those techniques are applied to a planar vehicle with two independent suspensions, the efficiency of those methods can be evaluated. The efficiency of the derived recursive formula was higher than those of other methods.
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