Digestion and performance experiments were conducted to investigate the nutritional value of microbially fermented distiller's grains for growing pigs. Yorkshire x Landrace x Chinese Black pigs, with an average initial body weight (BW) of approximately 30 kg were used for both studies. The performance study was finished at a BW of approximately 60 kg. The distiller's grains used in this study were the by-products of the Hunan Spirit Factory, in which sorghum and rice were the grains used for alcohol production. The material used for fermentation was a live bacteria (Hunan Wangshi Biotechnology Inc.) that can produce cellulase. Chemical analyses showed that the distiller's grain used in this study contained 170.8 g/kg (in dry matter) of crude fibre, while the microbially fermented distiller's grains contained only 96.7 g/kg of crude fibre. Meanwhile, crude protein was increased from 152.7 to 325.8 g/kg by microbial fermentation. The microbially fermented distiller's grains also had higher (P<0.05) ileal apparent digestibility of crude fibre (24.9 vs 18.0%), crude protein (74.5 vs 41.9%), amino acids, and faecal digestibility of energy (70.3 vs 61.3%) than those of the distiller's grains. The performance results show that 10% of a maize-soyabean meal based diet can be replaced by microbially fermented distiller's grains, with no difference (P>0.05) in daily gain (795 vs 785 g) or feed efficiency (2.16 vs 2.20). However, the performance traits were affected (P<0.05) when the proportion of microbially fermented distiller's grains in the diet was over 10%.
A two way factorial experiment was designed to study the technique aspects of ensiling rice straw (RS) mixed with Strawzyme (an experimental preparation of cell-wall degrading enzymes) and wheat bran (WB). The WB was added at levels of 0, 3, 6 or 9% (fresh basis), respectively, and the RS was untreated (C-0, C-3, C-6 and C-9), or treated with Strawzyme at level of 1300 g/t DM (T-0, T-3, T-6 and T-9). Addition of WB improved the fermentation quality and nutritive value of RS silage. The pH value, percentage of ammonia N in total N and butyrate content were decreased, and lactate content and in vitro gas production (GP) increased with the increasing levels of WB. Enzyme treatment decreased the neutral detergent fibre, pH, ammonia-N and butyrate, and increased lactate and in vitro GP. There were significant interaction effects on pH, lactate and butyrate content between enzyme and WB. Therefore the silages in T-6 and T-9 showed good quality with lowest pH and highest lactate as well as no any butyrate. Proportion of ammonia N of total N was decreased by 37.9 or 15.5%, and the lactic acid was increased by 67.8 or 5.7%, respectively, when Strawzyme plus 6 or 9% WB was added. It can be concluded that combination of Strawzyme with WB was more effective in the improvement of RS silage quality than addition of WB alone.
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