The present work investigates the thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects in nanofluid flow over a curved stretching sheet (CSS). Also, the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux and Stefan blowing (SB) conditions are considered for studying heat and mass transport characteristics. The present work's novelty is associated with considerations of convective boundary and SB conditions in nanomaterial flow over a CSS. The coupled partial differential equations are changed to ordinary differential equations by employing suitable similarity variables, and the resultant model is numerically handled using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg's fourth fifth‐order method with the shooting scheme. The stimulation of the involved parameters/numbers on the flow, mass, and heat fields is broadly deliberated using suitable graphs. The present analysis's significant relevant outcomes are that the inclination in thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameters increases the heat transfer. The inclined values of the Brownian motion parameter decay the mass transfer. Furthermore, the increased values of both Schmidt number and SB parameter drop the mass transport. The increased values of the Brownian motion parameter and Schmidt number decays the rate of mass transference.
IntroductionThe term peristalsis means clasping and compressing. The peristaltic action occurs in the form of successive waves of involuntary muscular contractions passing along the walls and forcing the contents onward. In physiological situations, the mechanism is found in esophagus, stomach, intestines, small blood vessels, fallopian tube, ureter and gut. The peristaltic mechanism has been attracting the attention of bioengineers because of its importance in living body system and in the design of biomedical instruments such as dialysis machines, open-heart bypass pump machines, artificial lungs and tissues. Several attempts have been made by considering physiological fluids as Newtonian. A few investigations pertaining to peristaltic flow of Newtonian fluids have been reported in [1][2][3][4][5]. Further, some interesting results has been put forward in rheological complex physiological fluids such as blood (Power-law model, Casson model and Herschel -Bulkley model), chyme (Williamson model), bread and white eggs through esophagus (Maxwell model)and urine infection (couple-stress model) to be non-Newtonian during pumping for details, see [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Among non-Newtonian fluids, hyperbolic tangent fluid model characterize the flow behaviour of shear thinning fluids. Nadeem and Akram [12] addressed the peristaltic pumping of a hyperbolic tangent fluid through an asymmetric channel. Nadeem and Maraj [13] studied mathematically the peristaltic motion of a hyperbolic tangent fluid in a curved channel with the help of Homotopic perturbation method. Ali Abbas et al. [14] reported the 3D peristaltic pumping of hyperbolic tangent fluid with flexible walls.Peristaltic flow with temperature and mass transfer effects has been exploited by many authors in order to conduct diverse investigations in biomedical and biomechanical sciences. The Biological heat transfer in a living system include thermal conduction in tissue, metabolic heat generation, burn injuries, fever, perfusion of blood flow and hyperthermia. The biological mass transfer process include glucose diffusion into the cell, absorption of proteins and peptides, liquid diffusion in tissues, drug delivery across absorption barriers. Saravanaet al. [15] analysed mathematically the peristaltic transport of a third grade fluid through an inclined asymmetric channel by taking temperature and concentration effects into account. A few investigations on peristalsis with temperature and concentration effects have been reported in [16][17][18].The influence of magnetic field may be useful to slow down the blood flow in human arterial system, controls the blood flow velocities in surgical procedures. The slip condition proposed by Navier [19] has importance in studying the flow at the fluid-wall interface and it may be more realistic model observed in gastrointestinal tract and in the flow of polymer solutions. Akram and Nadeem [20] addressed the slip effects on peristaltic motion of a hyperbolic tangent fluid model through an
Peristaltic motion of a Bingham fluid in contact with a Newtonian fluid in a Vertical channel has been studied under long wavelength and low Reynolds number suspicions. The flow is investigated in a wave frame of reference moving with velocity of the wave. The solution is acquired for stream function, velocity field, friction force and the pressure rise in several sectors over one cycle of wavelength. The impacts of yield stress on the frame of interface are contemplated. It is discovered that the time-averaged flux against pressure rise is decreasing with an increase in the yield stress and viscosity ratio and it is also identified that the frictional force has unsimilar behavior with pressure rise
Analysis has been conducted to analyze the effects of second order slip flow and heat transfer of Jeffrey nanofluid over a stretching sheet with non linear thermal radiation and chemical reaction. The effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis occur in the transport equations. The
velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration profiles are analyzed with respect to the involved parameters of interest namely Brownian motion parameters, thermophoresis parameter, magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, Prandtl number, Lewis number, chemical reaction parameter, and
Deborah number, Convergence of the derived solutions was checked and the influence of embedded parameters was analyzed by plotting graphs. It was noticed that the velocity increases with an increase in the Deborah number. We further found that for fixed values of other parameters, numerical
values of the skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt numbers and Sherwood numbers were computed and examined. A comparative study between the previous published and present results in a limiting sense is found in an excellent agreement.
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