No abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a reação às doenças e a produtividade de 11 cultivares de maracujazeiro, nos primeiros seis meses de colheita no Distrito Federal. Para evitar herbicidas, utilizouse sobre o tubo gotejador, uma lona de polietileno preta com 1,20 m em largura ao longo das fileiras. O híbrido EC-RFM (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa x P. edulis) foi o mais produtivo e o menos suscetível à virose do endurecimento do fruto (PWV), à antracnose e à septoriose do fruto. Todas as cultivares foram suscetíveis à verrugose e à bacteriose no fruto. Houve pouca variabilidade entre as cultivares para resistên-cia às doenças.Termos para indexação: Passiflora edulis, bacteriose, virose, antracnose, genótipos, resistência às doenças. Reaction to diseases and yield of eleven cultivars of sour-passion fruit cultivated with no pesticidesAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the reaction to diseases and the yield of eleven sour-passion fruit cultivars during the first six months of harvesting in the Federal District, Brazil. Weeds were controlled using a polyethylene black cloth (mulching) with 1.20 m large on the tape of dripping irrigation along the planting line. The hybrid EC-RFM (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa x P. edulis) had the best yield and it was less susceptible to woodiness virus (PWV), fruit-anthracnose and septoriose. All cultivars were susceptible to fruit-scab and bacterial spot. All cultivars evaluated presented low genetic variability to disease resistance.Index terms: Passiflora edulis, bacterioses, viroses, anthracnosis, genotypes, diseases resistance.O maracujá-azedo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) cultivado no Distrito Federal vem sendo atacado por várias doenças que depreciam a qualidade do fruto, reduzem a produtividade e a longevidade da cultura. As doenças mais prejudiciais são causadas por vírus (virose do endurecimento do fruto -PWV), por fungos, como a antracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), verrugose (Cladosporium spp.) e septoriose (Septoria passiflorae), e pela bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae.(1) Aceito para publicação em 30 de abril de 2003.

Bipolaris maydis was consistently isolated from infected Paspalum atratum cv. Pojuca plants showing leaf spot symptoms in the Cerrado of Brazil, in 2002. Pathogenicity tests under greenhouse conditions and subsequent reisolations of B. maydis from artificially inoculated Pojuca seedlings confirmed the hypothesis that this fungus was the causal agent of the disease. Symptoms of leaf spot appeared four days after inoculation in 100% of the inoculated Pojuca plants. All seven species of grasses evaluated were susceptible to B. maydis. The occurrence of leaf spot of Pojuca caused by B. maydis is reported for the first time in Brazil.

Colletotrichum acutatum foi consistentemente isolado de plantas de pequizeiro (Caryocar brasiliense) com sintomas de antracnose nas folhas, no Distrito Federal, em 2000. Testes de patogenicidade em casa de vegetação e o subsequente reisolamento do fungo confirmaram a hipótese de que C. acutatum é o agente etiológico da antracnose do pequizeiro. Os sintomas apareceram quatro dias após a inoculação nas 20 plantas inoculadas. Dezoito espécies vegetais testadas foram suscetíveis ao fungo. A antracnose do pequizeiro causada por C. acutatum é relatada pela primeira vez no Brasil

Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L., supports cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) replication and cell-to-cell movement, and thus may serve as a model system to study coat protein-mediated protection against CPMV. A chimeric gene consisting of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, CPMV 60K coat proteinsprecursor (CP-P) coding region, and the nopaline synthase polyadenylation signal was transferred to tobacco cv. Burley 21 via the Agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vector system. Gene integration and expression in the transgenic tobacco plants were confirmed by Southern and RNA dot blot analyses. Accumulation of CPMV 60K CP-P in transgenic plants, up to 2 txg/g of wet weight tissue, was detected by ELISA and Western blots. The results of Western blots and immunosorbent electron microscopy further indicated that CPMV CP-P neither undergoes autoproteolysis to generate the mature viral coat proteins nor assembles into virus-like capsids, suggesting that processing of the CP-P may be required for virus assembly. Because CPMV neither induces symptoms in tobacco nor moves systemically, evaluation of the reactions of the transgenic plants to virus inoculation was based on virus accumulation in the inoculated leaves. Results from such infectivity experiments did not differentiate between CP-P expressers and vectortransformed plants. The transgenic tobacco plants expressing CP-P should provide valuable material for investigating comovirus polyprotein processing and capsid assembly in vivo.