Lactating Hereford and Hereford X Angus cows, 2 to 6 yr old, and their calves were used in two trials to study the effects of energy intake on the postpartum interval (PPI) and the adequacy of the cow's milk production for calf growth. In trial 1, 23 cows were fed either 120 (high energy, HE) or 100% (adequate energy, AE) of National Research Council energy recommendations. Cow weights, calf weights and milk production were determined 1 wk after calving and every 2 wk until 17 wk postcalving . One-half of the calves received creep feed from the start of the study, whereas the other half did not receive creep feed until their average daily gain was below .23 kg/d. In trail 2, 19 cows were fed energy levels of 100 (AE) or 85% (low energy, LE). Estimated percentage body fat ( EPBF ) was estimated twice during the study; other variables were determined as in trial 1. In trial 1, the HE cows gained more weight (P less than .01) and produced more milk (P less than .01). In trial 2, the AE cows gained more weight (P less than .01) and produced calves 17 kg heavier (P less than .01) at the end of the study than did the LE cows. Milk production was not influenced by energy treatment (P greater than .2). It required 7.5 kg of milk and 2.3 kg of creep feed to produce 1 kg of calf gain in trial 1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Two finishing trials were conducted with steers (Bos taurus; 781 lb) to evaluate the feeding value of Northwest grown corn (Zea mays L; differing in grain processing method) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in diets containing potato (Solarium tuberosum L.) process residue. Steers were fed once daily in pens of nine head each with three pens per dietary treatment. Diets were formulated to contain 65% grain, 8% corn silage, 8% alfalfa hay, 14% potato process residue, and 5% supplement on a dry matter (DM) basis. In Trial 1, steam‐rolled grain treatments were: 100% corn; 67% corn, 33% barley; 33% corn, 67% barley; and 100% barley as a percentage of the dietary grain DM. In Trial 2, grain treatments were: 100% high moisture corn (HMC); 67% HMC, 33% barley; 33% HMC, 67% barley; 100% barley; 50% barley, 50% dry rolled corn (50:50); 100% dry rolled corn (DC); and 100% steam‐rolled corn as a percentage of the dietary grain DM. In Trial 1, steer average daily gain (ADG), final weight, and dry matter intake (DMI) were affected cubically as barley replaced com. Carcass parameters of hot carcass weight, marbling score, and quality grade decreased linearly (P < 0.05); and backfat thickness tended to decrease linearly (P < 0.10) as barley replaced corn. In Trial 2, steer ADG (3.7 lb/d) was not affected by treatment but DMI was affected cubically (P < 0.05) and feed to gain ratio decreased quadratically as barley replaced HMC. Marbling score decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as barley replaced HMC or DC. Quality grade tended to decrease linearly (P < 0.10) as barley replaced DC. These data indicate variability in feeding value of Northwest grown corn (differing in grain processing method) relative to barley and primarily positive associative effects of mixtures of corn and barley in finishing diets containing potato process residue.
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