The photoelectron spectra of KxC60− (x=1–3) have been studied in the gas phase, and the electron affinities obtained. These were found to decrease linearly with the number of K atoms. The result is consistent with an ionic description of the K–C60 chemical bonding, with each K atom donating its outer 4s electron to the t1u orbital of C60. Vibrational autodetachment from a weakly bound excited electronic state was discovered in KC60−, and a series of three equally spaced peaks were assigned to a progression in the intermolecular K–C60 stretching vibration with a frequency of 140 cm−1.
The influence of small dc axial magnetic fields upon the stability of the focused plasma column is shown in the light of soft x rays. The material damage to the center electrode and the intense x-ray emission at the electrode face as a result of electron bombardment is considerably reduced. Although the final heating of the ions and electrons is inhibited as expected due to a trapped magnetic field, the spatial stability of the focused column offers a greater possibility for scaling to higher energies.
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