Reversible thermochromism in thin solid films of poly(3-hexylthiophene), or P3HT, has been studied using ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies (UPS and XPS, respectively). The UPS and XPS spectra, as well as previously published optical absorption spectra, are analyzed using the results of valence effective Hamiltonian (VEH) quantum chemical calculations of the electronic structure of isolated polymer chains. The analysis of the spectra indicates that at elevated temperatures thermally induced electronic localization occurs as a consequence of thermally induced conformational disorder.
We have studied chemically adsorbed glycine on the hydrophilic surface of the oxidized surface of silicon. A stable adsorbate layer is formed, which consists of zwitterionic glycine molecules. Most importantly, these zwitterionic molecules have a tendency for orientation in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface, with COO- groups away from the surface and the NH3+ groups toward the surface.
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