The aquatic fungi cultured from eggs, alevins and broodfish of brown trout Salmo trutta belonged to the genus Saprolegnia and were identified as S. diclina, S. australis, S. ferax, S. furcata, S. hypogyna, S. unispora and S. parasitica. The species obtained from infected eggs and alevins were different to those from infected fish. Several Saprolegnia species were isolated from eggs and alevins, whereas all the isolates obtained from broodfish were the pathogenic S. parasitica.
Ten species of the family Saprolegniaceae were isolated from the fish farm "El Zarco", State of México, obtained from samples of influent and effluent water of the farm and from infected eggs and individual fish of rainbow trout. Two species belong to the genus Achlya and 8 to Saprolegnia. Saprolegnia ferax is recorded for the first time for the State of México. Achlya ambisexualis, A.
The e⁄cacy of Pyceze s (Novartis Animal Vaccines) and Proxitane s 0510 (Solvay Interox) in controlling the mortality of eggs was studied in brown trout Salmo trutta eggs under the usual incubation conditions in a hatchery a¡ected by saprolegniosis. Eggs from eight spawnings and from two lines of brown trout were used. The cumulative mortality of eggs at the start of the eyed stage (M 1 ) and at hatching (M 2 ) was measured, as was the percentage of eggs with fungal infection at weekly intervals during the green stage. Mortality at M 2 with Pyceze s ranged between 2.38% and 12.61% depending on the batch, with a mean of 6.10%. Mortality at M 2 with Proxitane s varied between 5.83% and 43.86%, with a mean of 22.36%. Fungal colonization at the start of the eyed stage ranged between 0% and 0.15% when Pyceze s was used and between 0.82% and 12.50% with Proxitane s . Mortality rates were higher among those eggs left untreated. The results indicate that Pyceze s (bronopol) is e⁄cacious in controlling mortality caused by Saprolegnia spp. and other biological factors in fertilized brown trout eggs, as has been demonstrated previously in other salmonid species.
The ability of five monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) raised against a pathogenic Saprolegnia parasitica isolate from brown trout to detect and differentiate between isolates with bundles of long hairs (S. parasitica) and other Saprolegnia species was determined by means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Four of the Mabs used recognized some of the long-haired S. parasitica isolates but also cross-reacted with other Saprolegnia species without bundles of hairs and with Achlya sp. The other Mab (named 18A6) was able to differentiate between the asexual and most of the sexual isolates in the group of long-haired S. parasitica isolates, but did not recognize Achlya sp. or the Saprolegnia species without bundles of hairs, with the exception of S. hypogyna. These results indicate that isolates with bundles of long hairs are closely related with other members of genus Saprolegnia and share several antigens. However, Mab 18A6 seems to recognize an epitope that is expressed mainly in the asexual isolates in the long-haired S. parasitica isolates.
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