 Glen Torridon in Gale crater underwent multiple generations of diagenesis of the bedrock, which widely varies in chemistry and morphology  We hypothesize that an initial enrichment of elements occurred during the Gale's postimpact hydrothermal alteration phase of evolution  We estimate that at least one type of vein in Glen Torridon required warm temperatures and highly reducing and alkaline fluid to form

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 We use a Venn diagram approach to show the Nili Fossae olivine lithology is better named olivine-clay-carbonate  We postulate a flood lava origin for the olivine-clay-carbonate lithology at Séítah based on finding olivine cumulate and low viscosity lava  We find the clay in the cumulate olivine at Séítah is either talc or serpentine and eliminate other clay families Plain Language SummaryWe used orbital and in situ data to observe a lava flow near the Mars 2020 landing site at Jezero Crater. By analyzing the reflectance spectra of the rocks containing the lava, we have identified that clay is present in the rocks. We use in situ imaging data to determine that the lava contains close packed crystals (cumulate), a process which can happen in the bottom of a lake of lava. We use measurements from the SuperCam LIBS instrument to determine that the cumulate is accompanied by clays and eliminate families of clays to conclude it is either talc or serpentine.

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We have studied the observed properties of the Nili Fossae olivine-phyllosilicate-carbonate lithology from orbital data and in situ by the Mars 2020 rover at the Séítah unit in Jezero crater, including: 1) composition 2) grain size 3) inferred viscosity (calculated based on geochemistry collected by SuperCam (Wiens et al., 2022)). Based on the low viscosity and distribution of the unit we postulate a flood lava origin for the olivine-phyllosilicate-carbonate at Séítah. We include a new CRISM map of the phyllosilicate 2.38 μm band and use in situ data from Mars 2020 SuperCam Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and VISIR and MastCam-Z observations to show that the phyllosilicate in the olivine cumulate in the Séítah formation is either talc, serpentine, hectorite, Fe/Mg smectite, saponite or stevensite. We discuss two intertwining aspects of the history of the lithology: 1) the emplacement and properties of the cumulate layer within a lava lake, based on terrestrial analogs in the Pilbara, Western Australia, and using previously published models of flood lavas and lava lakes, and 2) the limited extent of post emplacement alteration, including phyllosilicate and carbonate alteration.