The peroxidases zymogram phenotypes of seven primary trisomics of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) and their disomic sibs were determined. It was found that each of the trisomics can be differentiated from its disomic sib and from other trisomics on the basis of the isozyme band intensities.
SummarySolanum tuberosum x tuberosum (TxT) families were compared with S. tuberosum x andigena (TxA) families as progeny mean, heterosis and heterobeltiosis for ten important agronomic characters by evaluating 72 cross combinations (36 of TAT and 36 of T• from 18 common female parents), for three successive seedling and clonal generations under short day sub-tropic conditions. TxA families had more vigorous progenies, higher tuber yield, higher number of tubers, larger tubers and better general impression than TxT families. The TxA families were inferior to the T'ZI" families for characters such as tuber colour and uniformity of tuber colour, but their progeny means were within the acceptable range. High progeny means of TxA families were associated with high heterosis and high heterobeltiosis in these families, although there were a few exceptions. High mean performance for tuber yield and tuber number were associated with high variance of these traits in TxA families. It is concluded that, unlike under long day environments, andigena adapted to short days can be used advantageously for exploiting heterosis in the potato breeding programmes of short day subtropic environments.
To establish a series of trisomics in Pennisetum typhoides (2n = 14), plants with 2n + 1 chromosome numbers were isolated from the progenies of triploid plants and triploid-diploid crosses. These primary simple trisomic plants were distinguishable from the diploids by their relatively poor vigour, short height, narrow leaves and late flowering. They were also distinguishable from one another and were classified into seven morphological groups: 'Tiny', 'Dark Green', 'Lax', 'Slender', 'Spindle', 'Broad' and 'Pseudonormal'. The extra chromosome in the seven trisomic types could be distinguished on the basis of somatic chromosome morphology.
SummaryThe performance of potato crops raised from two types of microtuber, green (induced in lightdark photoperiod) and white (induced in continuous darkness), of 18 genotypes was studied for 22 morphological and agronomic characters. Mean squares due to microtuber type, genotype and their interaction were mostly significant for various characters. Green microtubert; were better than white microtubers for subsequent crop performance for most of the characters including tuber yield and general impression. This was mainly due to more eyes and shorter dormancy in green microtubers than in white microtubers. The in vitro system of microtuberization by serial culture of axillary buds in separated nodes, as used in the present study, was found to be genetically stable for the propagating material.
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