Singapore, after serving for two decades as a model for Third World birth control and economic development programs, is now abandoning its earlier population policies in favor of encouraging dramatic population growth. The initial eugenics-based program introduced in 1984 sought increased fertility for university-educated women and provided major subsidies for the voluntary sterilization of poor and uneducated parents. These much publicized and internationally discussed programs have now been abandoned in favor of new population programs seeking to encourage fertility in lower as well as better educated groups. A forty percent population increase is being set as a goal. To accomplish this the effective Singapore Family Planning and Population Board has been abolished and Housing Development Board policies are in the process of being reversed to encourage rather than discourage fertility.
This study examines patterns of membership in neighborhood associations in a revitalized neighborhood in a large midwestern city. The neighborhood is ethnically heterogenous and working class. The research assesses the extent of participation in local associations, its effect on revitalization, and differences between old-timers and newcomers.It was found that affiliation with neighborhood associations is wide spread both among old-timers and newcomers. However, young and affluent newcomers are particularly active. Moreover, whereas old-timers tend to be over-represented in traditional established associations, newcomers are more likely to join avant-garde and activist associations. Finally, membership accounts for residents' perception of their neighborhood and the extent to which they are involved in the revitalization process.The 1970s were a decade in which professionals, academics, and the media described urban areas in apocalyptic terms. The lexicon was one ranging from the "urban crisis" through "ungovernable city" to "death of the city." Cities in general and inner city residential neighborhoods in particular were forecast to be doomed to inevitable physical decline and increasing social and political anarchy (Hauser, 1975;Sternlieb, 1971). Now the more common litany is that the crisis is over, and there is serious possibility of an urban renaissance (Allman, 1978). The "back to the city" and "gentrification" movements are now focuses of media attention. That the "back to the city" label is a misnomer it is more a stay in the city phenomenon -and the term "gentrification" is equally inaccurate, seem to matter little.
This study examines the role of residential satisfaction and expectations as determinants of neighhorhood revitalization in a working class neighborhood. An extensive set of hackground and social-psychological factors are identifed, and their effects on housing renovation and the wish to move are assessed. The findings suggest that renovation is a more complex activity than often portrayed with neither the objective characteristics of the neighborhood or the residents adequate as explanations f o r explaining revitalization. Only when combined with subjective indicators do thqv provide reliable guides f o r policy decisions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.