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We illustrate a novel wireless intranet networking protocol providing the flexibility and efficiency needed to operate in airborne environments. A critical component of this protocol is an efficient mobile ad-hoc networking (MANET) design, known as Adaptive Hybrid Domain Routing (AHDR) protocol, devised primarily for airborne networking. We describe the driving networking requirements and tradeoffs, protocol architecture, and measured and simulated performance. The MANET element in this protocol is composed of a strategic combination of proactive and reactive algorithms. It provides updated route information for neighbor nodes and offers optimized route resolution for unknown routes in a fast-changing topology. The set of optimization parameters for making routing decisions is configurable via a network management module. The selection of the best route, data rate, transmission power, message format, frame length, and transmission time is distributed and depends on real-time optimization parameters. INTRODUCTIONAirborne networking is a key enabling technology to realize the transformational communication vision to provide network-centric operation. With extended connectivity and a design for interoperability, airborne networks can extend the capabilities of the GIG into the tactical edge airborne and space environments. In this paper we discuss several challenges in designing and implementing airborne networking technology, and describe an approach that has been demonstrated to achieve successful results in realizing effective airborne networking for tactical communication.

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In this paper, we provide a general framework of distributed medium access control (DMAC) and synchronization for ad-hoc sensor networks with omni-directional antennas. Compared to existing works that focus on minimizing the energy consumption, our design objectives aim to increase the throughput, to lower the latency, and to solve hidden and exposed nodes problem in a traffic-heavy and dynamic environment. DMAC uses different transmission techniques based on the type of outbound packets, to effectively reduce the overhead and complexity of channel access coordination. At its core, DMAC relies on node activate medium access (NAMA) scheduling to coordinate collisionfree transmissions. As time synchronization plays a fundamental role in DMAC scheduling, we also design a synchronization scheme tailored to multi-hop networks with heavy traffic and packet loss. We evaluate the performances of the proposed framework via extensive simulations. Our results show that DMAC provides higher system throughput compared with carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme. In addition, the proposed synchronization scheme can achieve synchronization error within 1 s in the presence of packet loss and measurement noise, while incurring minimal increment of overheads.

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