PosterIn conclusion, these results clearly show the importance of the substituents on the flavonoid-structure. Methylation of the 3-hydroxyfunction greatly enhances the antiviral properties, but does not change cardio-vascular activity.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Untersuchungen von Saponindrogen durch Dunnschichtchromatographie und TAS-Verfahren nach STAHL durchgefuhrt [1]. Dabei wurden folgende Drogen untersucht: Verschiedene Primula-Arten (Pr. veris, Pr. vulgaris, Pr. auricula, Pr. /zitaibeliana, Pr. colu,nnae), verschiedene Cyclamen-Arten (C. europaeum, C. graecum, C. neapolitanum), Saponaria officinalis und Verbascum thapsiforine. Von den oben erwähnten Pflanzenarten wurden bei den Untersuchungen die unter-und oberirdischen Teile benutzt. Hierbei handelt es sich urn Pflanzenarten, die aus Jugoslawien stammen. Saponine konnten durch DC auf Kieselgel F254 mit und ohne Blutgelatine identifiziert werden. Auch durch die Benutzung von Anisaldehyd-Schwefelsäure und UV (254, 366 nm) konnten sämtliche Saponine nachgewiesen werden. Als Laufmittel wurden verschiedene Systeme benutzt. Nach TAS-Verfahren (0,01 g, t = 250°C , 45 sec) bekommt man Produkte die keine hämolytische Wirkung zeigen. Unter anderen wurde auch die Isolierung von Saponinen aus Radix Primulae, Radix Saponariae und Tuber Cyclamen durchgefuhrt [2]. Dabei ist die Ausbeute in diesen Drogen folgende: Primula 5 %, Saponaria 30 % und Cyclamen 10 %. Bei Saponinen wurden auch Schaumnummern und die Oberflächenaktivität untersucht.
Unpublished reports of positive effects on the clinical symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) by treatment with tea made from the medicinal herb Ruta (1) initiated in vitro experiments on the effects of Ruta graveolens and Ruta chalepensis on the excitation process in the nerve membrane ofintact nerve fibres.Single myelinated nerve fibres of the toad Xenopus laevis were mounted in a recording chamber in such a fashion that the bathing fluid of the Ranvier node under investigation could be changed completely within a few seconds. Transmembraneous ionic currents of the nodal membrane were measured by means of the so-called potential clamp technique (2). Ruta specimens from Germany and Spain were separated each into lots of lignified stipes, green stipes, leaves, seed-vessels, and seeds, respectively. Infusions were prepared with the normal bathing fluid (in mmoli'l: NaC1 112.0, KC1 9.0, CaC12 2.0, BBS-buffer 5.0) according to the German Pharmacopeia No.8. Care was taken that the concentrations of Nat Kt and Ca2t in the solutions used did not differ significanfly from each other.Ionic currents elicited by rectangular potential steps showed reversible depression of Kt currents after application of each test solution within 30s (3). Surprisingly, the kinetics of the remaining Kt currents resembled those seen in the unmyelinated giant axon treated with long-chained triethylammonium compounds (4). Seed-vessels and leaves proved most efficacious in this connexion. No clear differences between corresponding lots from R. graveolens and R. chalepensis could be detected so far. It was also noted that Nat currents, which are essential for the spike genesis in the nerve, remained almost unaffected.Electron microscopic studies suggested that MS leads to an uncovering of internodal Kt channels located in the axonal membrane beneath the myelin sheath (5) by demyelination of axons [see, e.g. (6)], thus rendering conduction of nerve spike very difficult. Therefore, blockage ofpathophysiologically activated internodal Kt channels by some unknown specific blocker from Ruta might in fact improve nerve function in domyelinating diseases like MS (7). Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Karl-und-Veronica-Carstens-Stiftung and the Alfried Krupp von Bohien und Halbach-Stiftung. We thank Dipl. Phys. A. Kneip for installing the data processing equipment. In traditional and official medicine, different specimen types of Astragalus (Leguminosae) are used and the Chinese pharmacopoea mentions as official drug the root of A. membranaceus (Fisch) Bge., A. membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsio., and seed of A. complanatus R. Br.(1). The A. membranaceus root is used also in Japanese medicine, in Korea, and USSR as a compound of preparations which are used in the treatment of different diseases, In Chinese physicians practice, this drug plays a very important role in gastric ulcer therapy, which is also the object of this investigation (2).The A. membranaceus root was collected near Peking on the mountain Tan Shen (China) in the aut...
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