The retarding effect o f carbon m onoxide is due to the adsorption o f the gas on the reaction sites, the heat given out in the change being 46 kcal. On the basis o f this value, which implies that the molecule is adsorbed chemically, it is possible to calculate theoretically the order of magnitude of the retardation constant, k2. I n t r o d u c t i o nThis investigation form s p a rt of a com prehensive stu d y of th e reactions of th e steam -carbon system . The effect on th e separate reactions of changes in th e p a rtial pressures of th e gases has been described in a previous p ap er (Gadsby, H inshelw ood & Sykes 1946), in which th e general in te rp re ta tio n of th e m ain kinetic relationships was also discussed. In continuation of th is work, th e detailed m echanism o f th e reactions in w hich solid carbon is converted into gaseous carbon m onoxide has now been studied. The present p aper deals w ith th e results o btained for th e carbon dioxide-carbon reaction, an d an accom panying one w ith those for-th e steamcarbon reaction. O u t l i n e o f m e t h o dThe principle of th e m ethod is th e com plem entary use of b o th th e flow a n d th e sta tic techniques. The variatio n of th e ra te of reaction w ith th e p a rtia l pressures of
The type of flow system which is convenient for investigating the kinetics of many chemical reactions presents special difficulties of temperature control which become increasingly acute the greater the speed of the reaction. If the change is highly endothermic the problem of maintaining a distribution of temperature uniform in space as well as in time becomes of great importance, and unless special precautions are taken the spatial distribution may vary considerably with changes in the rate of reaction. An apparatus is described, utilizing two relay circuits operated by suitably spaced thermocouples, by which the desired automatic regulation of temperature can be achieved.
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