SYNOPSIS Four patterns of inositol fermentation by different isolates of Klebsiellae are described. Inositol fermentation by some isolates may be modified by medium incorporation of acetoin and diacetyl. An inositol-hydrogen sulphide-motility medium, modified by reducing the pH value, increasing the inositol concentration, and the incorporation of acetoin, is described and evaluated as a means of detecting acid production by isolates showing different inositol fermentation patterns.
SUMMARY Rates of aesculin hydrolysis and inositol fermentation adequately differentiate Klebsielleae from other Enterobacteriaceae. In combination with tests for motility and growth in potassium cyanide medium, presumptive differentiation between Klebsielleae, and confirmation of Klebsiella pneumoniae, is obtained.
Five toxigenic fungi were grown in the presence of pure cultures of a number of different bacteria. Alterations in the gaseous environment resulting from bacterial growth produced changes in the growth, sporulation and toxin production of the fungi. Different fungi varied in their response to any one bacterium, and different bacteria produced a variety of responses from each individual fungus. The growth, sporulation and toxin production of most fungi were normally inhibited by the presence of bacteria; in a few cases toxin production was stimulated. Toxin production was able to proceed in the absence of sporulation.The implications of bacterium-fungus interactions in certain environments are considered.
Five epidemiologically related urine isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (sensu lato), capsular serotype K21 may spontaneously lose the ability to synthesise K21 antigen in vitro and in vivo. Another four isolates of K. pneumoniae K21+, epidemiologically unrelated to the other five, did not exhibit this effect. Elimination of the ability to synthesise K21 antigen may be enhanced by treatment with acridine orange. Transfer of K21 antigen synthesis from K. pneumoniae to Escherichia coli K12 was observed in eight independent experiments. Elimination from or acquisition of the ability to synthesise K21 antigen is not accompanied by changes in the antibiotic sensitivity patterns or biochemical characteristics of bacteria.
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