The individual glucosinolates present in B. juncea mustard seed were determined. Sinigrin (ally1 glucosinolate) was the major glucosinolate of mustard seed and constituted 92.9% of the total glucosinolates. The effect of CHaOH/NHJH,O-hexane treatment on the concentration of glucosinolates was studied. Over 97% of sinigrin originally present in the seed was removed by the above solvent extraction system, mainly in the intact form. Breakdown products of sinigrin were quantified in the treated meal, in the extracted oil and in the polar phase (gums). Aglycon products were ally1 cyanide, ally1 isothiocyanate and 2,3-epithiopropane cyanide. Sugar breakdown products were glucose, thioglucose, thioglucose dimer and furfuryl alcohol. Desulfosinigrin was a minor decomposition product and might have acted as an intermediate in the decomposition of sinigrin.
The effect of methanol-ammonia-water/hexane extraction of canola seed on the content of individual glucosinolates of their resulting meals was investigated. The level of original glucosinolates retained in the treated meals varied between 6% to 1.5% as determined by gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. These correspond to values of about 4% to 10% for the aliphatic glucosinolates found in seeds routinely analyzed for canola designation. The concentration of these aliphatic, nonindole, glucosinolates in the treated meals was less than 1.8 p,mol per gram while their total concentration did not exceed 4.3 bmol per gram of meal.
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