Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the results of the semen analysis data while applying the parameters set out in the previous standard and the last proposed, in order to assess the changes in the diagnosis in terms of normal or abnormal, as how this fact can affect treatment decisions. Methods: 1184 semen analysis of patients undergoing examination at our institution were reviewed, between January 2010 and September 2012 and were classified as normal or abnormal according to WHO parameters of 1999 and 2010 to be then compared. Exams of patients over 50 years (39 cases) were excluded for having found in this group a significant increase of asthenozoospermia when compared to younger ages. Results: In the 1145 semen analysis studied, the averadifference was found while analyzing the absolute seminal variables of volume, motility and sperm morphology in the different age groups. Semen parameters in the 1999 were reported as normal with the WHO 2010 compa-ver, the sperm morphology according to the WHO 2010, Conclusion: Based in our data, the sperm analysis as a single tool in the diagnosis of male factor should be revaluated.
Un grupo de 90 mujeres con antecedente de 2 o más abortos espontáneos de causa desconocida, sin historia de partos anteriores, con estudio inmunológico que determinó ausencia de respuesta aloinmune y un grupo de control de 31 mujeres con antecedentede fertilidad comprobada, se estudiaron para anticuerpos a antígenos nucleares, anticoagulante lúpico y fosfolípidos. Demostramos serológicamente un incremento en la respuesta autoinmune a partir del segundo aborto. Los anticuerpos antifosfolípidos y los anticuerpos antinucleares aparecen presentes ya como epifenómenos ya como factores etiológicos en pacientes con pérdida recurrente del embarazo PRE.La importancia de los hallazgos mencionados y la novedad del presente traba,jo consiste en la identificación del incremento en la respuesta autoinmune a partir del segundo aborto.
We have reported autoimmune serological abnormalities in women with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSAs).' Incidences of anti-phospholipid antibodies and antinuclear antibodies were significantly increased with each additional pregnancy loss in these women.* This was not seen in healthy, normal multiparous women. We also reported that 42% of women with three or more RSAs who were antiphospholipid antibody ( M A ) negative before the pregnancy became APA positive at the time of mi~carriage.~ Phospholipids are integral components of placental villous membrane, and there is evidence that trophoblastic antigenic stimuli during pregnancy may induce the production of various autoantibodies including antiphospholipid antibodies in failing pregnancies: In this study, we prospectively analyzed women with three or more RSAs and normal healthy women entering a pregnancy for autoantibodies at each trimester of pregnancy including cord blood samples.Thirty-one normal, healthy women with no history of RSAs who received antenatal care at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Infantil in Bogota, Columbia and 32 women with three or more RSAs who registered at Reproductive Medicine, University of Health S c i e n c e f i e Chicago Medical School were investigated consecutively during the index pregnancy. All normal women were analyzed for IgG antibodies to six phospholipid epitopes, DNA, and histone at each trimester of pregnancy. Cord blood was also analyzed. Women with RSAs, IgM, and IgG APA were followed during pregnancy and at delivery or at the time of a repeated abortion. Titers of APAs were measured by ELISA as previously reported.'We report: (1) In women with a normal pregnancy, there is no APA positivity during pregnancy including cord blood (FIG. 1); (2) 6.5% of normal pregnant women demonstrated low positive ANA during pregnancy; (3) no one developed lupus anticoagulant during the index pregnancy; (4) 3.2% of normal pregnant women demonstrated IgG single-stranded DNA and 3.2% IgG double-stranded DNA. No one developed IgG antibodies to histone; ( 5 ) increased parity in women with a normal 242
Anticuerpos antifosfo lípidos (AAP) son documentados en muchos casos de aborto recurrente espontáneo (ARE) de causa inexplicada. Los anticuerpos antifosfolípidos interfieren con la producción de prostaciclina causando un incremento en la agregación plaquetaria, vasoconstricción, trombosis e infartos placentarios (5-6).
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