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Aim To analyse the prevalence of periapical lesions and their association with previous root canal treatment, root canal filling length and type of coronal restoration using in vivo cone‐beam computed tomographic (CBCT) assessment. Methodology A global sample of 20 836 teeth, with a combined total of 27 046 roots, from 1160 patients, was analysed via CBCT assessment in eight health centres. Each tooth was evaluated by one out of five examiners after having performed a defined calibration procedure on the basis of 319 teeth. Intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability tests were performed. Each tooth was classified according the tooth number, presence/absence of periapical lesions, presence/absence of previous root canal treatment, length of root canal filling (short, good or overfilling) and type of coronal restoration. The z‐test for proportions was used to analyse differences between tooth subgroups, and an odds ratio was determined in order to analyse the association between treatment status and periapical lesions. A P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results At a tooth level, the overall prevalence of periapical lesions in the sample was 10.4%. Maxillary teeth were associated with a significantly larger percentage of lesions (13.1%), whilst maxillary first molars had the greater proportion of lesions (21.2%). The prevalence of periapical lesions was significantly larger in root filled teeth (55.5%), short root canal fillings (72.7%) and in teeth restored with crowns (46.1%). At a root level, the mesiobuccal roots of both maxillary first molars had a tendency for a larger percentage of periapical lesions. Conclusion History of root canal treatment, root canal filling length and type of coronal restoration influenced the presence of periapical lesions. Molars were more commonly associated with periapical lesions on root filled teeth, particularly those with short root fillings and those with crowns.

RESUMEN Efecto de diferentes regímenes de riego sobre los índices de calidad del aceite de oliva de cv. "Co brançosa"El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de distintas estrategias de riego en la composición y la calidad del aceite de oliva virgen de cv. Cobrançosa, integrado en una denominación de origen protegida de «Azeite de Trás-osMontes», en el noreste de Portugal. Tres tratamientos de riego fueron aplicados: T2-riego total, el olivo recibió el equivalente estacional de agua al 100% de la evapotranspiración estimada del cultivo (ETc), T1-riego continuo deficitario (30% de la ETc) y el tratamiento T0-de secano. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de dos campañas agrícolas consecutivas (2005)(2006). Los regímenes de riego tuvieron un efecto menor en los índices de calidad estándar (ácidos grasos libres, índice de peróxidos, K 232 y K 270 ) del aceite de oliva y en la composición de ácidos grasos. Los polifenoles totales disminuyeron hasta el tratamiento T2, y se relacionaron fuertemente con el integral de estrés hídrico, lo que sugiere que el efecto del riego sobre esta variable se produce a lo largo de la temporada de cultivo y no sólo durante la fase de acumulación de aceite. Una estrategia de riego deficitario continuo con sólo 30% de la ETc máxima puede tener un efecto beneficioso, ya que aumentó la producción de aceite de oliva a más del doble que en condiciones de secano, mientras que la calidad del aceite de oliva fue similar. PALABRAS CLAVE: Aceite de oliva virgen -cv. Cobrançosa -Índices de calidad -Riego. ABSTRACT Effect of different irrigation regimes on the quality attributes of monovarietal virgin olive oil of cv. "Cobrançosa"The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different irrigation strategies in virgin olive oil (VOO) composition and quality of cv. Cobrançosa, integrated in a protected denomination of origin of "Azeite de Trás-os-Montes" in the Northeast of Portugal. Three irrigation treatments were applied: T2-full irrigation that received a seasonal water equivalent to 100% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ET c ), T1-continuous deficit irrigation (30% ET c ) and T0-rainfed treatment. Data were collected from two consecutive crop years (2005)(2006). Irrigation regimes had a minor effect on standard quality indices (free fatty acids, peroxide value, K 232 and K 270 ) of VOO and in fatty acid composition. Total polyphenols decreased up to treatment T2, and were strongly related to the water stress integral, suggesting that the effect of irrigation on this variable occurs along the crop season and not just during the oil accumulation phase. A strategy of continuous deficit irrigation with only 30% of maximum ETc may have an advantageous effect, as it increased oil yield to more than double that of rainfed conditions while VOO quality was similar.

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