Bullying and sexual harassment at school have received recent attention in developed countries; however, they have been neglected in Latin America. Thus, the authors investigated these phenomena among 400 Brazilian high school students from two high schools (one private and one public). Analyses using t-tests showed that boys bullied and sexually harassed their peers more often than girls did. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that boys and girls who scored high on general misconduct bullied their peers more often than those who scored low on general misconduct. Boys who believed they would be punished by their teachers for bullying and who scored low on benevolent sexism bullied more often than boys who believed they would not be punished by their teachers and who scored high on benevolent sexism. Moreover, bullying predicted peer sexual harassment for boys and girls. Recommendations to prevent bullying and sexual harassment are offered.
CleoniceCamino J'aims Ribeiro 3O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar e validar duas escalas de empatia para uso no Brasil. A Escala Multidimensional de Reatividade Interpessoal de Davis (EMRI) é uma medida de empatia (reatividade interpessoal) composta por três subescalas com sete itens cada, que avaliam componentes afetivo (CE), cognitivo (CG) e comportamental (CC). A Escala de Empatia para Crianças e Adolescentes de Bryant (EECA) é uma medida com 22 itens. Foram testados 320 adolescentes de 14 a 16 anos, de nível sócio-econômico alto e baixo, estudantes da segunda etapa do Ensino Fundamental (sétima série) e do Ensino Médio (primeira e segunda séries), de ambos os sexos, em escolas públicas e privadas de João Pessoa/PB e Porto Alegre/RS. Os escores de consistência interna de ambas as escalas (EMRI, alpha= 0,75; EECA, alpha= 0,74) e das três subescalas da EMRI (CA, alpha= 0,67; CG, alpha= 0,63; CP, alpha= 0,54) foram considerados satisfatórios e permitem recomendar a utilização das versões traduzidas para o Português por pesquisadores no Brasil. Foi calculada a validade convergente entre as escalas, obtendo correlação da EECA com os componentes afetivo, cognitivo e comportamental da EMRI. Palavras-chave: escala de empatia, afeto, cognição, comportamento. Abstract Adaptation and Infernal Validation of Two Empathy Scales for Use in BrazilThe aim of tuis study was to adapt and validate two scales of empathy to be used in Brazil. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index of Davis (EMRI, in Portuguese) has three subscales: emotional (CE), cognitive (CG), and behavioral (CC) components of empathy. Bryant's Empathy Scale for Children and Adolescents (EECA, in Portuguese) has 22 items. Thirty-two hundred adolescents, high and low SES, 14 to 16 years old, both sexes, of public and private schools of João Pessoa/PB and Porto Alegre/RS were evaluated. The reliability analysis of the subscales showed EMRI alpha= 0,75, CE alpha= 0,67, CG alpha= 0,63, CC alpha= 0,54, and EECA alpha= 0,74, which are considered adequate, and recommend the research use of Portuguese version in Brazil. Convergent validity was found among the EECA scale, CG, CA, and CC subscales of EMRI.
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