Abstract. Muhallilin I, Aisyah SI, Dewi Sukma D. 2019. The diversity of morphological characteristics and chemical content of Celosia cristata plantlets due to gamma ray irradiation. Biodiversitas 20: 862-866. Celosia cristata L. or better known as Jengger Ayam is an ornamental plant that has a unique flower shape with attractive colors. Besides, this plant also contains antioxidants and chemical compounds that are used for traditional medicine to treat high blood pressure, and diabetes or as eye ailments. Increased diversity of C. cristata through hybridization techniques is constrained by flowers forming small grains that makes it difficult for castration and isolation of reproductive organs. This study aimed to increase C. cristata diversity of morphology and chemical content using mutation techniques induced by gamma irradiation. Plantlets were irradiated at 0, 25, 50 and 75 Gy doses. Scoring was conducted for 5 weeks until MV6 generation. Planlets were acclimatized for 3 weeks. The surviving plants were moved onto experimental land until seeded and tested for phytochemicals. Gamma irradiation with 25, 50 and 75 Gy doses produced 4 clones that have morphological changes in color and shape of the stem, leaves, and flowers. Changes in chemical content were observed with the appearance of triterpenoid compounds in 1 clone irradiated with 25 Gy.
Abstract. Aisyah SI, Muhallilin I, Sukma D, Nurcholis W. 2019. The morphological and phytochemical studies on the effect of acute and recurrent irradiation in Celosia cristata seeds. Biodiversitas 20: 3766-3771. The present work investigated the agro-morphological changes in Celosia cristata L. seeds exposed to gamma irradiations. This study also conducted phytochemical screening to screened secondary metabolite change in C. cristata. C. cristata seeds were irradiated with acute radiation at doses of 470, 480, and 490 Gy and were planted until M1 generation. Recurrent irradiation was done on M1 seeds at a dose of 250 Gy. The agro-morphological and phytochemical diversity was performed in M2 generation. The highest difference characters in acute irradiated plants were found on plant height, number of branches, and flower length, while the plant diameter, flower width, and number of flowers were found the highest in recurrent irradiation. Agro-morphological important changes in recurrent irradiated plants were decreased plant height and increased the number of flowers that compared with acute irradiated and control plants. The qualitative phytochemical showed no difference between acute and recurrent irradiated plants. It can be concluded that the recurrent irradiated changes the morphological valuable of C. cristata, while the phytochemical is needed further research.
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