Background: Two recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs965513, rs944289, rs966423, rs2439302, and rs116909374) associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Each variant showed highly significant but moderate to low disease risk. Here we assessed the cumulative risk and predictive value of the five SNPs. Methods: We genotyped two cohorts of individuals, 747 PTC cases and 1047 controls from Ohio and 1795 PTC cases and 2090 controls from Poland. Cumulative genetic risk scores were calculated using unweighted and weighted approaches. Results: All five SNPs showed significant association with PTC. The average cumulative risk score in cases was significantly higher than in controls ( p < 2.2 · 10 Poland. An analysis was performed weighing risk alleles by effect size and assigning individuals to three weighted risk score groups, low ( £ 2), medium (2-5), and high (>5). Individuals in the high group were significantly more susceptible to PTC compared with individuals in the low group with an odds ratio of 8.7 [95% CI 5.8, 13.3] in Ohio and 4.24 [95% CI 3.10, 5.84] in Poland. Almost identical results were obtained when follicular variant PTCs and microPTCs were omitted. These five SNPs explained 11% of the familial risk of thyroid cancer in the Ohio cohort and 6% in the Polish cohort. Conclusion: As the genetic risk score increases, the risk of having PTC increases. However, the predictive power of the cumulative effect of these five variants is only moderately high and clinical use may not be feasible until more variants are detected.

No abstract

No abstract

Radionuclide ventriculography is a useful method of evaluating the cardiotoxicity of the treatment. Early indicators of myocardial damage are EF, PFR, ESvol and EDvol.AC chemotherapy, where the average cumulative dose of anthracyclines was higher, caused more cardiotoxic effects than AT chemotherapy.Applying additional radiotherapy did not significantly increase the cardiotoxicity of the treatment.

BACKGROUND: Multidrug chemotherapy increases the efficacy of the treatment, but at the same time rises its cardiotoxicity. The majority of cardiac complications are caused by anthracyclines. Radiation therapy may intensify cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study was to determine early changes of cardiac function using radionuclide ventriculography in patients with breast cancer and to compare the toxicity of AC and AT chemotherapy programs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 71 patients with breast cancer between the ages of 38 and 71 years. All patients after surgery were qualified for chemotherapy, and for 37 (52%) of them subsequent irradiation treatment was planned. Patients received chemotherapy according to the scheme: AC-47 patients (66%) and AT-24 patients (34%). Patients were irradiated using a photon beam (4 to 6 MeV) and an electron Equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography in the assessment of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy in patients with breast cancer